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作者：Singh, Abhijeet
作者单位：University of Oxford
摘要：I present the first value-added models of learning production in private and government schools in India using unique panel data from Andhra Pradesh state. I examine the heterogeneity in private school value-added across different subjects, urban and rural areas, medium of instruction, and across age groups. Further, I also estimate private school effects on children's self-efficacy and agency. In rural areas, I find a substantial positive effect (>0.5 SD) of private schools on English, no eff...
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作者：Shapiro, D. A.
作者单位：University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Charlotte
摘要：Dynamic incentives, where incentives to repay are generated by granting access to future loans, are one of the methodologies used by microfinance institutions (MFIs). In this paper, I present a model of dynamic incentives where lenders are uncertain over how much borrowers value future loans. Loan terms are determined endogenously, and loans become more favorable as the probability of default becomes lower. I show that in all equilibria but one all borrowers, including the most patient ones, e...
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作者：Chaurey, Ritam
作者单位：State University of New York (SUNY) System; Binghamton University, SUNY
摘要：Labor regulations in India differ by states and apply differently across types of laborers. The most restrictive laws make it harder to fire permanent workers for firms. However, these laws do not apply to workers hired through contractors (contract workers). Using firm-level data from India, I find that compared to firms in flexible labor regulations, those in more restrictive labor regimes hire more contract workers as a response to transitory local demand shocks. I find no differential resp...
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作者：Roy, Sanchari
作者单位：University of Sussex
摘要：This paper examines the impact of gender-progressive reforms to the inheritance law in India on women's outcomes. Despite stipulating that daughters would have equal shares as sons in ancestral property, I find that the reform failed to increase the actual likelihood of women inheriting property. Instead, parents appear to be gifting their share of land to their sons in order to circumvent the law. However, parents also appear to be compensating their daughters for such disinheritance by givin...
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作者：Podhorsky, Andrea
作者单位：York University - Canada
摘要：The Fairtrade program transfers income to farmers by establishing a price floor and an alternate distribution channel that bypasses intermediaries between the raw commodity and world markets. I develop a model of the international commodity supply chain, with monopolistically competitive final goods producers and consumers who value the ethical quality of goods. A small number of oligopsonistic intermediaries purchase the raw commodity from farmers in a given country and then sell to final goo...
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作者：Majid, Muhammad Farhan
作者单位：McGill University
摘要：More than a billion Muslims living today were potentially exposed to their mother's fasting in utero. This paper uses the Indonesian Family Life Survey to study the persistent effects of in utero exposure to Ramadan over the life cycle. The exposed children perform more child labor, score 7.4% lower on cognitive tests and 8.4% lower on math test scores. As adults, the exposed children work 4.7% fewer hours per week and are more likely to be self-employed. Estimates are robust to the inclusion ...
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作者：Basu, Karna; Wong, Maisy
作者单位：City University of New York (CUNY) System; Hunter College (CUNY); City University of New York (CUNY) System; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Predictable annual lean seasons occur in many rural areas, including West Timor in Indonesia. Imperfections in savings and credit markets make it difficult for staple farmers to convert harvest season output into lean season consumption. We conduct a randomized evaluation of a seasonal food storage program and a food credit program. By providing improved ways to transfer assets across seasons, each program functions as a subsidy on lean season consumption. We find that neither program had effe...
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作者：Ambler, Kate
作者单位：CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
摘要：Although most theoretical models of household decision making assume perfect information, empirical studies suggest that information asymmetries can have large impacts on resource allocation. I demonstrate the importance of these asymmetries in transnational households, where physical distance between family members can make information barriers especially acute. I implement an experiment among migrants in Washington, DC, and their families in El Salvador that examines how information asymmetr...
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作者：Czura, Kristina
作者单位：University of Munich
摘要：Despite remarkable repayment rates in microcredit group lending, anecdotal evidence from the field suggests that there is excessive punishment among group members. To quantify excessive peer punishment, I conduct a lab-in-the-field experiment with actual microcredit borrowers in rural India. I design a repayment coordination game with strategic default and the possibility of acquiring information about a peer's investment return (peer peeking) and of sanctioning a peer (peer punishment). I obs...
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作者：Szabo, Andrea; Ujhelyi, Gergely
作者单位：University of Houston System; University of Houston
摘要：Nonpayment for public utilities is an important constraint to expanding service access in developing countries. What are the causes of nonpayment and which policies are effective at addressing them? To study these questions, we implement and evaluate a randomized water education campaign in a low income pen-urban area in South Africa. We estimate substantial short-run treatment effects: on the order of a 25% increase in payments over a three-month period after which the effect dissipates. The ...
