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作者：Beam, Emily A.
作者单位：National University of Singapore
摘要：I estimate the causal impact of attending a job fair on employment outcomes and labor market perceptions, using a randomized encouragement design to induce individuals in the rural Philippines to attend a nearby job fair for domestic and overseas work. Attending a job fair matters: though it does not facilitate direct matches with a job fair employer, attendance leads to a large increase in reported formal sector employment and in the likelihood of looking for any work outside the region in th...
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作者：Sun, Ang; Zhao, Yaohui
作者单位：Central University of Finance & Economics; Peking University
摘要：This paper estimates the effect of China's pro-women divorce reform on sex-selection behavior within marriages. The 2001 reform liberalized divorce in favor of women and secured women's property rights after separation. The paper applies a regression discontinuity analysis on the child sex ratio and finds that the likelihood of having a son after a firstborn daughter decreased by 8.1 percentage points, amounting to a reduction of 11.7% compared with the prior proportion of male children. Furth...
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作者：Ubfal, Diego
作者单位：Bocconi University; Bocconi University
摘要：This paper tests the commonly-used assumption that people apply a single discount rate to the utility from different sources of consumption. Using survey data from Uganda with both hypothetical and incentivized choices over different goods, we elicit time preferences from about 2400 subjects. We reject the null of equal discount rates across goods: the average person in our sample is more impatient about sugar, meat and starchy plantains than about money and a list of other goods. We review th...
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作者：Blumenstock, Joshua E.; Eagle, Nathan; Fafchamps, Marcel
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; The Santa Fe Institute; Stanford University
摘要：We provide empirical evidence that Rwandans use the mobile phone network to transfer airtime to those affected by unexpected shocks. Using an extensive dataset on mobile phone activity in Rwanda and exploiting the quasi-random timing and location of natural disasters, we show that individuals make transfers and calls to people affected by disasters. The magnitude of these transfers is small in absolute terms, but statistically significant; in response to the Lake Kivu earthquake of 2008, we es...
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作者：Khemani, Stuti
摘要：This paper provides evidence that vote buying in poor democracies is associated with lower investments in broadly delivered public services that have been shown to disproportionately benefit the poor. Using detailed data around the local institutional context in the Philippines, the paper shows how the correlation can be interpreted as arising in equilibrium under conditions of clientelism, when political strategies emphasize the provision of targeted benefits in exchange for political support...
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作者：Garganta, Santiago; Gasparini, Leonardo
作者单位：National University of La Plata; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET)
摘要：The recent Universal Child Allowance program in Argentina provides monthly cash transfers to unregistered workers with children. As the program is accessible only to those who are not in formal employment, it may discourage workers' transitions to the formal sector. In this paper we estimate this effect by comparing the transitions to registered jobs of eligible workers (with children) with a similar but not eligible group (without children) over time. The results suggest a statistically signi...
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作者：Dower, Paul Castaneda; Pfutze, Tobias
作者单位：New Economic School; University System of Ohio; Oberlin College
摘要：While it is commonly understood that land is a political tool, there is surprisingly little empirical research on how insecure property rights affect political outcomes. In this paper, we show how a dominant political party can use insecure property rights to ensure politically compliant voter behavior and how this power is frustrated after the introduction of a land certification program. We test this hypothesis on data covering 10,000 Mexican municipal elections during the country's democrat...
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作者：James, Alexander
作者单位：University of Alaska System; University of Alaska Anchorage
摘要：A surprising feature of resource-rich economies is slow growth. It is often argued that natural-resource production impedes development by creating market or institutional failures. This paper establishes an alternative explanation-a slow-growing resource sector. A declining resource sector is disproportionately reflected in resource-dependent countries. Additionally, there is little evidence that resource dependence impedes growth in non-resource sectors. More generally, this paper illustrate...
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作者：Rocha, Rudi; Soares, Rodrigo R.
作者单位：Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Getulio Vargas Foundation
摘要：Roughly one-third of the rural population in developing countries lives in arid and semiarid regions, facing recurrent water scarcity. This is likely to become an even more common situation with climate change. This paper analyzes the impact of rainfall fluctuations during the gestational period on health at birth in the Brazilian semiarid, highlighting the role of water scarcity as a determinant of early life health. We find that negative rainfall shocks are robustly correlated with higher in...
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作者：Wagner, Rodrigo; Zahler, Andres
作者单位：Tufts University; Universidad de Chile; University Diego Portales
摘要：We study the micro dynamics of new exports from a country. The modern international trade workhorse models (e.g. Melitz, 2003) assume heterogeneous productivity and, implicitly, predict that the ex-post largest exporters in a new product would be the pioneers, since they can pay back exploration costs. However, using detailed data on the early dynamics of new exports in Chile (1990-2007) we show that, on average, pioneers export less than comparable followers in the same new product. Moreover,...
