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作者：Chen, Cheng; Tian, Wei; Yu, Miaojie
作者单位：Peking University; Clemson University; Peking University
摘要：We examine how domestic distortions affect firms' production strategies abroad by documenting two puzzling findings using Chinese firm-level data of manufacturing firms. First, private multinational corporations (MNCs) are less productive than state-owned MNCs, but they are more productive than state-owned enterprises overall. Second, there are disproportionately fewer state-owned MNCs than private MNCs. We build a model to rationalise these findings by showing that discrimination against priv...
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作者：Debortoli, Davide; Kim, Jinill; Linde, Jesper; Nunes, Ricardo
作者单位：Pompeu Fabra University; Centre de Recerca en Economia Internacional (CREI); Barcelona School of Economics; Korea University; Sveriges Riksbank; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); University of Surrey
摘要：Yes, a dual mandate makes a lot of sense. This article studies how to design simple loss functions for central banks, as parsimonious approximations to social welfare. We show, both analytically and quantitatively, that simple loss functions should feature a high weight on measures of economic activity, sometimes even larger than the weight on inflation. Two main factors drive our result. First, stabilising economic activity also stabilises other welfare-relevant variables. Second, the estimat...
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作者：Daudin, Guillaume; Franck, Raphael; Rapoport, Hillel
作者单位：Universite PSL; Universite Paris-Dauphine; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); Laboratoire dEconomie de Dauphine LEDa; Paris School of Economics; Hebrew University of Jerusalem
摘要：This article offers an explanation for the convergence of fertility rates across French departements in the second half of the 19th century that emphasises the diffusion of information through internal migration. It tests how migration affected fertility by building a decennial bilateral migration matrix between French departements for 1861-911. The identification strategy uses exogenous variation in transportation costs resulting from the construction of railways. The results suggest that the...
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作者：Booth, Alison; Fan, Elliott; Meng, Xin; Zhang, Dandan
作者单位：Australian National University; National Taiwan University; Peking University
摘要：Our Beijing-based laboratory experiment investigated gender differences in competitive choices across different birth-cohorts experiencing - during their crucial developmental-age - different institutions and social norms. To control for general time trends, we use Taipei counterpart subjects with identical original Confucian traditions. Our findings confirm that exposure to different institutions/norms during crucial developmental-ages significantly changes individuals' behaviour. In particul...
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作者：Dupas, Pascaline; Keats, Anthony; Robinson, Jonathan
作者单位：Wesleyan University; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz
摘要：The welfare impact of expanding access to bank accounts depends on whether accounts crowd Out pre-existing financial relationships, or whether private gains from accounts are shared within social networks. In this experiment, we provided free bank accounts to a random subset of 885 households. Across households, we document positive spillovers: treatment households become less reliant on grown children and siblings living outside their village, and become more supportive of neighbours and frie...
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作者：Galama, Titus J.; van Kippersluis, Hans
作者单位：University of Southern California; Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Tinbergen Institute; Chinese University of Hong Kong
摘要：Motivated by the observation that medical care explains only a relatively small part of the sock)economic status (SES)-health gradient, we present a life-cycle model that incorporates several additional behaviours that potentially explain (jointly) a large part of observed disparities. As a result, the model provides not only a conceptual framework for the SES-health gradient but more generally an improved framework for the production of health. We derive novel predictions from the theory by p...
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作者：Ananyev, Maxim; Guriev, Sergei
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Institut d'Etudes Politiques Paris (Sciences Po)
摘要：This article draws on a natural experiment to identify the relationship between income and trust. We use a unique panel data set on Russia where GDP experienced an 8% drop in 2009. The effect of the crisis had been uneven among Russian regions because of their differences in industrial structure inherited from the Soviet period. After instrumenting average regional income by Soviet industrial structure, we find that 10% decrease in income is associated with a five percentage point decrease in ...
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作者：Aytimur, R. Emre; Bruns, Christian
作者单位：University of Manchester; University of Gottingen
摘要：We show that ignorant voters can succeed in establishing high levels of electoral accountability. In our model, an incumbent politician is confronted with a large number of voters who receive fuzzy private signals about her performance. A sampling effect enables the incumbent to form a precise estimate of the median voter's signal, and the resulting level of accountability is as if the incumbent faced a perfectly informed social planner. Public information or ideological preferences can impair...
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作者：Funk, Peter
作者单位：University of Cologne; University of Cologne
摘要：Human capital not only earns income but also is a source of direct felicity. The interaction between these two motives for effort can generate multiple stationary solutions for individual household optimisation. This multiplicity freezes any sufficiently unequal initial skill distribution and persistently segregates households into two separate groups: one rich and educated, one poor and uneducated. If public goods are to be financed, polarisation is typically Pareto-inefficient. While uncondi...
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作者：Gaarder, Ingvil
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：This article examines the incidence and distributional effects of value added taxes (VAT). A sharp change in the VAT policy on food in Norway is exploited. My findings suggest that taxes levied on food are completely shifted to consumer prices, while there is little spill-over effects to most other goods. To understand the distributional effects of the reform, one uses expenditure data and estimate the compensating variation of the tax induces price changes. I find that lowering the VAT on foo...
