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作者：Fumagalli, Elena; Fumagalli, Laura
作者单位：University of Essex
摘要：We analyse how neighbourhood ethnic diversity and segregation affect adolescents' social participation in England. We distinguish between participation in 'purposeful activities'-such as sports and volunteering-and hanging around with friends. We suggest a novel identification strategy to address the problem of endogeneity of ethnic diversity and segregation. We find that ethnic diversity decreases hanging around, while ethnic segregation increases it. No effects on participation in purposeful...
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作者：Born, Alexandra; Enders, Zeno
作者单位：European Central Bank; Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：We employ a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model to investigate the transmission of the global financial crisis via the collapse of export demand (trade channel) and through losses on cross-border asset holdings (financial channel). Calibrated to German data, the model predicts the trade channel to be twice as important as the financial channel. In the United Kingdom, the latter dominates due to higher foreign-asset holdings, which, at the same time, serve as an automatic stabiliser in...
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作者：Benshaul-Tolonen, Anja
作者单位：Columbia University; Columbia University
摘要：Local industrial development has the potential to improve health and well-being, while also damaging health through exposure to harmful pollution. It is an empirical question which of these effects dominate. Exploiting the quasi-experimental expansion of African large-scale gold mining, I find that local infant mortality rates decrease by more than 50% alongside rapid economic growth. The instantaneous reduction is comparable to overall gains in infant survival rates in the study countries fro...
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作者：Castillo, Marco; Jordan, Jeffrey L.; Petrie, Ragan
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; University of Melbourne; University System of Georgia; University of Georgia
摘要：We present direct evidence that children who are unwilling to wait for a larger reward and instead prefer a small one earlier (i.e. they have a higher discount rate) are less likely to graduate from high school. Using an incentivised experiment to measure the discount rates of 878 children, we find large effects on human capital accumulation - a one standard deviation increase in the discount rate decreases the probability of graduating from high school by four percentage points. Importantly, ...
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作者：Melguizo, Isabel
作者单位：Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de Mexico; Centro de Investigacion y Docencia Economicas A.C. (CIDE)
摘要：This article studies the persistence of disagreement using a dynamic model in which individuals update their attitudes by averaging those of others with whom they relate. Individuals establish homophilous relations and thus favour others with similar (dichotomous) attributes. Attributes determine the intensity of relations to the extent to which there is a substantial difference in attitudes between the two groups of individuals possessing and lacking them. The main finding is that disagreemen...
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作者：Bentzen, Jeanet Sinding; Hariri, Jacob Gerner; Robinson, James A.
作者单位：University of Copenhagen; University of Chicago
摘要：This article documents that indigenous democratic practices are associated with contemporary representative democracy. The basic association is conditioned on the relative strength of the indigenous groups within a country; stronger groups were able to shape national regime trajectories, weaker groups were not. Our analyses suggest that institutions are more likely to persist if they are supported by powerful actors and less likely to persist if the existing power structure is disrupted by, e....
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作者：Christensen, Jens H. E.; Krogstrup, Signe
作者单位：International Monetary Fund
摘要：This article presents empirical evidence of a reserve-induced transmission channel of quantitative easing to long-term interest rates. Reserve-induced effects are independent of the assets purchased and run through the impact of reserve expansions on bank balance sheets and the resulting bank portfolio rebalancing. For evidence, we analyse the reaction of Swiss long-term government bond yields to announcements by the Swiss National Bank to expand central bank reserves without acquiring any lon...
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作者：Bhaskar, V.
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：Secular trends in cohort size cause large marriage market imbalances due to the age gap at marriage between men and women. Positive cohort growth adversely affects women in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. Secular decline improves their position in East Asia. I show that the age gap at marriage will not adjust in order to equilibrate the marriage market in response to persistent imbalances, even though it accommodates transitory shocks. This implies large distributional consequences on the s...
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作者：Langella, Monica; Manning, Alan
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：This article investigates the impact of ethnic diversity on individuals' satisfaction with their neighbourhoods. It uses panel data and a variety of empirical methods to control for potential endogeneity of diversity and of location choices. We find that a higher white share raises overall satisfaction with the neighbourhood in our (overwhelming white) sample, but has no significant impact on generalised trust or other commonly used measures of social capital. We suggest that part of the impac...
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作者：Leonardi, Marco; Pellizzari, Michele; Tabasso, Domenico
作者单位：University of Milan; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Geneva
摘要：We revisit the role of labour market institutions by showing how they affect the sharing of firm-specific rents between employers and employees. We look at an Italian wage indexation mechanism ('Scala Mobile') that compressed the distribution of wages, imposing real wage increases at the bottom of the distribution. After developing a simplified version of a search model with intra-firm bargaining and on-the-job search, we document that skilled workers received lower wage adjustments when emplo...
