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作者：Brollo, Fernanda; Kaufmann, Katja Maria; La Ferrara, Eliana
作者单位：University of Warwick; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Warwick; University of Mannheim; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Mannheim; Bocconi University; Bocconi University
摘要：We study spillovers in learning about the enforcement of Bolsa Familia, a programme conditioning benefits on children's school attendance. Using original administrative data, we find that individuals' compliance responds to penalties incurred by their classmates and by siblings' classmates (in other grades/schools). As the severity of penalties increases with repeated noncompliance, the response is larger when peers are punished for 'higher stages' than the family's, consistent with learning. ...
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作者：Fouka, Vasiliki; Schlapfer, Alain
作者单位：Stanford University; Santa Clara University
摘要：We examine the historical determinants of differences in preferences for work across societies today. Our hypothesis is that a society's work ethic depends on the role that labour has played in it historically, as an input in agricultural production: societies that have for centuries depended on the cultivation of crops with high marginal returns to labour effort will work longer hours and develop a preference for working hard. We formalise this prediction in the context of a model of endogeno...
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作者：Camargo, Braz; Gerardi, Dino; Maestri, Lucas
作者单位：Getulio Vargas Foundation; Collegio Carlo Alberto; University of Turin
摘要：We study efficiency in non-stationary decentralised markets with common-value uncertainty and correlated asset values. There is an equal mass of buyers and sellers and payoffs from trade depend on an aggregate state, which only the sellers know. Buyers and sellers are randomly and anonymously matched in pairs over time, and buyers make the offers. We show that all equilibria become efficient as trading frictions vanish.
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作者：Heinz, Matthias; Jeworrek, Sabrina; Mertins, Vanessa; Schumacher, Heiner; Sutter, Matthias
作者单位：University of Cologne; Max Planck Society; Leibniz Association; Leibniz Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung Halle (IWH); Otto von Guericke University; KU Leuven; Max Planck Society; University of Innsbruck
摘要：We conduct a field experiment to study how worker productivity is affected if employers act adversely towards their co-workers. Our employees work for two shifts in a call centre. In our main treatment, we lay off some workers before the second shift. Compared to two control treatments, we find that the lay-off reduces the productivity of unaffected workers by 12%. We find suggestive evidence that this result is not driven by altered beliefs about the job or the management's competence, but ca...
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作者：Lockwood, Ben; Rockey, James
作者单位：University of Warwick; University of Leicester
摘要：This paper studies the effect of voter loss aversion in preferences over both candidate policy platforms and candidate valence on electoral competition. Loss-aversion over platforms leads to both platform rigidity and reduced platform polarisation, whereas loss-aversion over valence results in increased polarisation and the possibility of asymmetric equilibria with a self-fulfilling (dis)-advantage for the incumbent. The results are robust to a stochastic link between platforms and outcomes; t...
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作者：Corak, Miles
作者单位：City University of New York (CUNY) System
摘要：Intergenerational income mobility varies significantly across Canada, with the 266 Census Divisions in the 1986 Census clustering into five non-contiguous regions. Nine complementary indicators are calculated for each Census Division using administrative data on a cohort of men and women born between 1963 and 1970. Collectively these indicators underscore the importance of simultaneously examining different dimensions of intergenerational mobility and also show that higher mobility is most str...
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作者：Jehiel, Philippe; Steiner, Jakub
作者单位：University of London; University College London; University of Zurich; Charles University Prague; Czech Academy of Sciences; Economics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences
摘要：A memoryless agent can acquire arbitrarily many signals. After each signal observation, she either terminates and chooses an action, or she discards her observation and draws a new signal. By conditioning the probability of termination on the information collected, she controls the correlation between the payoff state and her terminal action. We provide an optimality condition for the emerging stochastic choice. The condition highlights the benefits of selective memory applied to the extracted...
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作者：Alan, Sule; Ertac, Seda; Kubilay, Elif; Loranth, Gyongyi
作者单位：European University Institute; Ihsan Dogramaci Bilkent University; Koc University; University of Essex; University of Vienna
摘要：Using data from a large-scale field experiment, we show that while there is no gender difference in willingness to make risky decisions on behalf of a group in a sample of children, a large gap emerges in a sample of adolescents. The proportion of girls who exhibit leadership willingness drops by 39%, going from childhood to adolescence. We explore the possible factors behind this drop and find that it is largely associated with a dramatic decline in 'social confidence', measured by willingnes...
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作者：Breinlich, Holger; Nocke, Volker; Schutz, Nicolas
作者单位：University of Surrey; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Surrey; University of Mannheim
摘要：In a two-country international trade model with oligopolistic competition, we study the conditions on market structure and trade costs under which a merger policy designed to benefit domestic consumers is either too tough or too lenient, from the viewpoint of the foreign country. We calibrate the model to match industry-level data in the USA and Canada. Our results suggest that, at present levels of trade costs, merger policy is too tough in the vast majority of sectors. We also quantify the r...
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作者：Hanlon, W. Walker
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This article provides the first rigorous estimates of how industrial air pollution from coal burning affects long-run city growth. I introduce a new theoretically grounded strategy for estimating this relationship and apply it to data from highly polluted British cities from 1851 to 1911. I show that local industrial coal use substantially reduced long-run city employment and population growth. Moreover, a counterfactual analysis suggests that plausible improvements in coal-use efficiency woul...
