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作者：Zhang, Y. Jane
作者单位：Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
摘要：Can policy change competitive preferences? This study uses controlled laboratory settings to compare the gender gap in competitive inclination in ethnic groups exposed and exempted from communist institutional reforms that have radically changed the lives of women in China in the areas of marriage, education, work and fertility. Results suggest that exogenously imposed reforms may increase female competitive inclination, although they do not eliminate the gender gap in all cultural contexts. P...
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作者：Argenziano, Rossella; Weeds, Helen
作者单位：University of Essex; Imperial College London
摘要：We analyse decision-making in the presence of Freedom of Information (FOI) rules. A decision-maker chooses whether to acquire costly information to inform his decision regarding a policy action. If information is not disclosed voluntarily a monitor may open a costly investigation, using FOI to access the information. A finding of biased decision-making or negligence in information acquisition generates a reward to the monitor and a penalty to the decision-maker. We find that strengthening FOI ...
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作者：Feigenberg, Benjamin; Yan, Rui; Rivkin, Steven
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Chile implemented a targeted voucher programme in 2008 that increased funding for disadvantaged students at public and participating private schools by approximately 50%. This reform would be expected to raise average achievement in participating schools and to reduce the achievement gap related to socioeconomic status, and disadvantaged students did make fourth-grade test-score gains exceeding 0.2 standard deviations that other studies have attributed to the programme. However, we find only s...
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作者：Cagala, Tobias; Glogowsky, Ulrich; Grimm, Veronika; Rincke, Johannes
作者单位：Deutsche Bundesbank; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Munich; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Erlangen Nuremberg
摘要：This article studies public goods provision when contributors repeatedly interact with rent-extracting administrators. Our main finding is that the presence of an administrator reduces contributions but only because rent extraction lowers the marginal per capita return of investing in the public good. Analysing the interactions between the contributors and the administrator, we demonstrate that rent-extraction and cooperation shocks trigger short-run adjustments in agents' behaviour. However, ...
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作者：Iriberri, Nagore; Rey-Biel, Pedro
作者单位：University of Basque Country; Universitat Ramon Llull; Escuela Superior de Administracion y Direccion de Empresas (ESADE)
摘要：In two-stage elimination math contests, participants from four different age groups compete to pass from stage 1 to stage 2 and later to be among the winners. Although female participants have higher maths grades at school the gender gap reverses in the two stages of the contests. More importantly, following the same individual participant across different stages, we find that the gender gap in performance increases from stage 1 to stage 2. The increase in female underperformance is attributed...
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作者：Charles, Kerwin Kofi; Hurst, Erik; Notowidigdo, Matthew J.
作者单位：University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We study how manufacturing decline and local housing booms contributed to changes in labour market outcomes during the 2000s, focusing on the distributional consequences across geographical areas and demographic groups. Using a local labour markets design, we estimate that manufacturing decline significantly reduced employment between 2000 and 2006, while local housing booms increased employment. These results suggest that housing booms 'masked' employment declines that would have occurred ear...
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作者：Koenig, Felix; Petrongolo, Barbara; Van Reenen, John; Bagaria, Nitika
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Princeton University; University of London; Queen Mary University London; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Charles River Associates
摘要：The UK Jobcentre Plus reform sharpened bureaucratic incentives to help disability benefit recipients (relative to unemployment insurance recipients) into jobs. In the long run, the policy raised exits off diasability benefits by 10% and left unemployment outflows roughly unchanged, consistent with (i) beneficial effects of reorganising welfare offices for both groups, and (ii) a shift in bureaucrats' efforts towards getting disability benefit recipients into jobs relative to those on unemploym...
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作者：Born, Benjamin; Mueller, Gernot J.; Schularick, Moritz; Sedlacek, Petr
作者单位：Frankfurt School Finance & Management; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen; University of Bonn; University of Oxford
摘要：Economic nationalism is on the rise, but at what cost? We study this question using the unexpected outcome of the Brexit referendum vote as a natural macroeconomic experiment. Employing synthetic control methods, we first show that the Brexit vote has caused a UK output loss of 1.7% to 2.5% by year-end 2018. An expectations-augmented VAR suggests that these costs are, to a large extent, driven by a downward revision of growth expectations in response to the vote. Linking quasi-experimental ide...
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作者：Humphries, Jane; Weisdorf, Jacob
作者单位：University of Oxford; University of Southern Denmark; Sapienza University Rome; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：Estimates of historical workers' annual incomes suffer from the fundamental problem that they are inferred from day wage rates without knowing how many days of work day-labourers undertook per year. We circumvent the problem by building an income series based on the payments made to workers employed by the year rather than by the day. Our data suggest that earlier annual income estimates based on day wages overestimate medieval labour incomes but underestimate labour incomes during the Industr...
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作者：Christelis, Dimitris; Georgarakos, Dimitris; Jappelli, Tullio; Pistaferri, Luigi; van Rooij, Maarten
作者单位：University of Naples Federico II; Tilburg University; European Central Bank; University of Naples Federico II; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University; European Central Bank; De Nederlandsche Bank NV
摘要：We use the responses of a representative sample of Dutch households to survey questions that ask how much their consumption would change in response to unexpected, transitory income shocks (positive or negative). The questionnaire also distinguishes between relatively small income changes (a one-month increase or drop in income), and relatively larger ones (equal to three-months' income). The results are broadly in line with models of intertemporal choice with precautionary saving, borrowing c...
