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作者：Draca, Mirko; Schwarz, Carlo
作者单位：University of Warwick; Bocconi University; University of Warwick
摘要：We investigate whether the ideological polarisation of citizens has increased in Western democracies. We propose a novel methodology to identify individual ideologies by applying latent Dirichlet allocation to political survey data. This approach indicates that questions related to confidence in institutions play a leading role in defining citizen ideologies, in addition to the questions associated with the traditional left-right scale. We decompose the shift in ideological positions across th...
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作者：Brailovskaya, Valentina; Dupas, Pascaline; Robinson, Jonathan
作者单位：Princeton University; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz
摘要：Digital credit has expanded rapidly in Africa, with opaque loan terms amidst low consumer financial literacy. Rich data from Malawi shows substantial demand for a digital loan with a base interest rate of 10% over 15 days, yet most borrowers are not aware of loan terms, repay late and incur substantial late fees. Regression discontinuity analyses show no evidence that access to small digital loans harms consumers' perceived well-being. A short, randomised, phone-based financial literacy interv...
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作者：Jan, Priebe; Ute, Rink; Henry, Stemmler
作者单位：University of Gottingen; The World Bank
摘要：We investigate whether experiencing a disability incidence in the household affects economic risk preferences in Vietnam, leveraging (i) ten years of individual-level panel data and (ii) data from a lab-in-the-field experiment. We find that individuals who experience a disability event in the household behave in a more risk-averse manner than individuals without such an experience. Examining potential underlying mechanisms, we demonstrate that a household disability shock leads to lower wealth...
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作者：Kerkhof, Anna
作者单位：Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Munich; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：Many media outlets depend on advertising revenue to finance their operations, but the effect of advertising on media outlets' content choices is largely unexplored. This paper exploits two institutional features from YouTube to show that an exogenous increase in the feasible amount of advertising induces YouTubers to differentiate their video content from their competitors. A plausible mechanism is that YouTubers avoid competition: viewers typically perceive advertising as a nuisance and there...
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作者：Hassan, Hashibul; Islam, Asad; Siddique, Abu; Wang, Liang Choon
作者单位：Monash University; University of London; Royal Holloway University London; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Monash University
摘要：Using a randomised experiment in 200 Bangladeshi villages, we evaluate the impact of an over-the-phone learning support intervention (telementoring) among primary school children and their mothers during Covid-19 school closures. Post-intervention, treated children scored 35% higher on a standardised test, and the homeschooling involvement of treated mothers increased by 22 minutes per day (26%). We also found that the intervention forestalled treated children's learning losses. When we return...
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作者：Johnen, Johannes; Somogyi, Robert
作者单位：Universite Catholique Louvain; Budapest University of Technology & Economics; HUN-REN; HUN-REN Centre for Economic & Regional Studies
摘要：Many products sold on online platforms have additional features like fees for services, shipping, luggage, upgrades, and so on. We study when a two-sided platform shrouds additional features towards potentially naive buyers. We explore a novel mechanism according to which platforms shroud to manipulate network externalities between buyers and sellers. Exploring this mechanism, we argue the advent of online marketplaces led to less transparent markets. First, platforms have stronger incentives ...
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作者：Carvalho, Jean-Paul; Sacks, Michael
作者单位：University of Oxford; Clarkson University
摘要：This paper analyses the rise of radical movements and the design of counter-radicalisation policies. A group derives meaning from participation in identity-based activities and a forward-looking organisation provides a platform for these activities. The warning sign for radicalisation is cultural purification by the organisation, i.e., the screening out of moderates and exclusive recruitment of radicals. While this shrinks the club, it puts it on a growth path along which it becomes larger and...
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作者：Giannola, Michele
作者单位：University of Naples Federico II; University of Naples Federico II; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Intra-household inequality explains 40% of child human capital variation in the developing world. I study how parents' investment contributes to this inequality. To mitigate the identification problem posed by observational data, I design a survey experiment with parents in India that allows me to identify beliefs about the human capital production function, preferences for inequality in outcomes and the role of resources. I find that investments are driven by efficiency considerations: as par...
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作者：Hasan, Iftekhar; Manfredonia, Stefano; Noth, Felix
作者单位：Fordham University; Bank of Finland; University of Sydney; Leibniz Association; Leibniz Institut fur Wirtschaftsforschung Halle (IWH); Otto von Guericke University
摘要：This paper investigates the critical role of church membership in the process of economic recovery after high-impact natural disasters. We document a significant adverse treatment effect of the 2005 hurricane season in the Southeastern United States on establishment-level productivity. However, we find that establishments in counties with higher rates of church membership saw a significantly stronger recovery in terms of productivity for 2005-10. We also show that church membership is correlat...
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作者：Eichengreen, Barry; Saka, Orkun; Aksoy, Cevat Giray
作者单位：European Bank of Reconstructon & Development; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); City St Georges, University of London; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; European Bank of Reconstructon & Development; University of London; King's College London; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：Epidemic exposure in an individual's 'impressionable years' (ages 18 to 25) has a persistent negative effect on confidence in political institutions and leaders. This loss of trust is associated with epidemic-induced economic difficulties, such as lower income and unemployment later in life. It is observed for political institutions and leaders only and does not carry over to other institutions and individuals. A key exception is a strong negative effect on confidence in public health systems....
