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作者：Antinyan, Armenak; Asatryan, Zareh
作者单位：Leibniz Association; Zentrum fur Europaische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW)
摘要：Governments increasingly use nudges to improve tax collection. We synthesise the growing literature on nudging experiments using meta-analytical methods. We find that, relative to the baseline where about a quarter of taxpayers are compliant, simple reminders increase the probability of compliance by 2.7 percentage points, while tax morale and deterrence nudges increase compliance by an additional 1.4 and 3.2 percentage points. Our further results highlight the conditions where nudges are more...
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作者：Meier, Mario; Obermeier, Tim
作者单位：Deutsche Bundesbank; University of Leicester; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Field experiments show that employers are less likely to consider long-term unemployed job seekers for interviews. We study the implications for optimal unemployment insurance. Based on a structural model of job search and recruitment, estimated with German data, we analyse the optimal two-tier unemployment system. We find that screening makes the optimal initial benefit level 4 percentage points higher and the potential benefit duration seven months longer. Using an extended Baily-Chetty form...
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作者：Bakkensen, Laura A.; Barrage, Lint
作者单位：University of Oregon; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich
摘要：This paper proposes a joint empirical-structural approach to quantify the impacts of cyclone risks on economic growth and welfare. First, we review prior reduced-form approaches in a harmonised global dataset and through a theory lens. Second, we estimate cyclone impacts on structural determinants of growth (total factor productivity, capital losses and fatalities) to quantify a stochastic endogenous growth cyclone-economy model for forty vulnerable countries. Third, we study climate change im...
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作者：Hanlon, W. Walker
作者单位：Northwestern University
摘要：How did the Industrial Revolution generate sustained economic growth? One hypothesis is that the innovation system changed. This paper provides direct quantitative evidence documenting this fundamental change in the innovation system: the emergence of a new type of inventor, the professional engineer. Using rich patent, biographical and other data, I document the emergence of the engineering profession starting in the late eighteenth century and show that engineers differed from older types of...
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作者：Brandts, Jordi; Cooper, David J.
作者单位：Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Institut d'Analisi Economica (IAE); Barcelona School of Economics; University of Iowa; University of East Anglia
摘要：We study the manager-agent game, a novel coordination game played between a manager and two agents. Unlike commonly studied coordination games, the manager-agent game stresses asymmetric information (agents know the state of the world, but managers do not) and asymmetric payoffs (for all states of the world, agents have opposing preferences over outcomes). Efficient coordination requires coordinating agents' actions and utilising their private information. We vary how agents' actions are chose...
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作者：Estrada, Ricardo; Gignoux, Jeremie; Hatrick, Agustina
作者单位：Paris School of Economics
摘要：We study how the admission of an older schoolmate to an elite secondary school influences the application decisions and admission outcomes of younger students. Our study focuses on the rapid expansion of a nationwide system of highly selective secondary schools in Peru. These schools are free of charge, which enables us to investigate the effect of peers on educational choices in a context with minimal financial barriers. Using a sharp regression discontinuity design, our analysis shows that t...
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作者：Milner, Benjamin
作者单位：University of Alberta
摘要：How does access to public education affect occupational outcomes and intergenerational mobility? The UK's 1870 Education Act, which introduced a public education system in England and Wales, provides a unique historical context in which to explore these questions. Using newly digitised historical records, I find that the Act resulted in significant improvements in school supply and attendance, which in turn improved adult outcomes. In particular, analysis using a regression kink design suggest...
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作者：Hefti, Andreas; Heinke, Steve; Schneider, Frederic
作者单位：Zurich University of Applied Sciences; University of Zurich; University of Fribourg; University of Cambridge
摘要：We study how variations in two mental capabilities-analytical capability (quantitative reasoning) and mentalising (assessing others' behaviour)-drive heterogeneity in evaluations of identical information about an asset's fundamental value and past prices. Our mental framework aligns with regularities observed in experimental asset markets, providing a cognitive basis for heterogeneous trading behaviour. Applied to an experimental market, it predicts that trading, performance and bubble-crash p...
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作者：Wagner, Zachary; Moucheraud, Corrina; Shah, Manisha; Wollum, Alexandra; Friedman, Willa; Dow, William H.
作者单位：University of Southern California; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Houston System; University of Houston
摘要：Bias among health care providers can lead to poor-quality care and poor health outcomes, and it can exacerbate disparities. We use a randomised controlled trial to evaluate an intervention to reduce family planning provider bias towards young women in 227 clinics in Tanzania, Burkina Faso and Pakistan. The intervention educated providers about bias towards young women, facilitated communication about bias with other providers and offered non-financial public awards to clinics with the least bi...
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作者：Durante, Ruben; Mastrorocco, Nicola; Minale, Luigi; Snyder, James M.
作者单位：National University of Singapore; University of Bologna; Universidad Carlos III de Madrid; Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We use novel survey data from Italy to shed light on key questions regarding the measurement of social capital and the use of social capital indicators for empirical work. Our data cover a sample of over 600,000 respondents interviewed between 2000 and 2015. We identify four distinct components of social capital-(i) social participation, (ii) political participation, (iii) general trust and (iv) trust in institutions-and examine how they relate to each other. We then study how each dimension o...
