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作者：Bertrand, Marianne; Crepon, Bruno
作者单位：University of Chicago; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris
摘要：We assess whether imperfect knowledge of labor regulation hinders job creation at small and medium-sized firms. We partner with a labor law expert organization that provides information about labor regulation via newsletters and access to a specialized website. We randomly assign 1,800 firms to get access to this service for a 21-week period. Six months later, the average employment level at treatment firms was 12 percent higher than at control firms. The intervention decreased the perception ...
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作者：Emran, M. Shahe; Mookherjee, Dilip; Shilpi, Forhad; Uddin, M. Helal
作者单位：Columbia University; Boston University; The World Bank; University of Dhaka
摘要：Traders are often blamed for high prices, prompting government regulation. We study the effects of a government ban of a layer of financing intermediaries in edible oil supply chain in Bangladesh during 2011-2012. Contrary to the predictions of a standard model of an oligopolistic supply chain, the ban caused downstream wholesale and retail prices to rise, and pass-through of the changes in imported crude oil price to fall. These results can be explained by an extension of the standard model t...
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作者：Gelber, Alexander M.; Jones, Damon; Sacks, Daniel W.; Song, Jae
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Chicago; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington; IU Kelley School of Business
摘要：We estimate the impact of the Social Security Annual Earnings Test (AET) on older workers' employment. The AET reduces social security claimants' current benefits in proportion to their earnings in excess of an exempt amount. Using a regression kink design and Social Security Administration data, we document that the discontinuous change in the benefit reduction rate at the exempt amount causes a corresponding change in the slope of the employment rate, suggesting that the extensive margin of ...
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作者：Stuart, Bryan A.; Taylor, Evan J.
作者单位：George Washington University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Arizona
摘要：This paper studies how birth town migration networks affected long-run location decisions during historical US migration episodes. We develop a new method to estimate the strength of migration networks for each receiving and sending location. Our estimates imply that when one randomly chosen African American moved from a Southern birth town to a destination county, then 1.9 additional Black migrants made the same move on average. For White migrants from the Great Plains, the average is only 0....
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作者：Gershoni, Naomi; Low, Corinne
作者单位：Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Israel's 1994 adoption of free in vitro fertilization (IVF) provides a natural experiment for how fertility time horizons impact women's marriage timing and other outcomes. We find a substantial increase in average age at first marriage following the policy change, using both men and Arab-Israeli women as comparison groups. This shift appears to be driven by both increased marriages by older women and younger women delaying marriage. Age at first birth also increased. Placebo and robustness ch...
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作者：Angrist, Joshua D.; Caldwell, Sydnee; Hall, Jonathan, V
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); IZA Institute Labor Economics; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Uber Technologies, Inc.
摘要：Rideshare drivers pay a proportion of their fares to a ride-hailing platform operator, a commission-based compensation model used by many service providers. To Uber drivers, this commission is known as the Uber fee. By contrast, traditional taxi drivers in most US cities make a fixed payment independent of their earnings, usually a weekly or daily medallion lease, keeping every fare dollar net of lease costs and other expenses. We assess these compensation models using an experiment that offer...
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作者：Anker, Anne Sofie Tegner; Doleac, Jennifer L.; Landerso, Rasmus
作者单位：University of Copenhagen; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; Aarhus University
摘要：This paper studies the effects of adding criminal offenders to a DNA database. Using a large expansion of Denmark's DNA database, we find that DNA registration reduces recidivism within the following year by up to 42 percent. It also increases the probability that offenders are identified if they recidivate, which we use to estimate the elasticity of crime with respect to the detection probability and find that a 1 percent higher detection probability reduces crime by more than 2 percent. We a...
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作者：Dranove, David; Ody, Christopher; Starc, Amanda
作者单位：Northwestern University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Analysis Group Inc.
摘要：We study the effect of privatizing Medicaid drug benefits on drug prices and utilization. Drug spending would decrease by 21.3 percent if private insurers administered all drug benefits. One-third of the decrease is driven by private insurers' ability to negotiate prices with pharmacies. The remaining two-thirds is driven by the greater use of lower cost drugs, such as generics, and is only realized in states that give private insurers the flexibility to design drug benefits. Privatization doe...
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作者：Lee, Jean N.; Morduch, Jonathan; Ravindran, Saravana; Abu Shonchoy; Zaman, Hassan
作者单位：The World Bank; New York University; National University of Singapore; State University System of Florida; Florida International University
摘要：Rapid urbanization is reshaping economies and intensifying spatial inequalities. In Bangladesh, we experimentally introduced mobile banking to very poor rural households and family members who had migrated to the city, testing whether mobile technology can reduce inequality by modernizing traditional ways to transfer money. One year later, for active mobile banking users, urban-to-rural remittances increased by 26 percent of the baseline mean. Rural consumption increased by 7.5 percent, and ex...
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作者：Baland, Jean-Marie; Cassan, Guilhem; Decerf, Benoit
作者单位：University of Namur
摘要：Most measures of deprivation concentrate on deprivation among the living population and, thus, ignore premature mortality. This omission leads to a severe bias in the evaluation of deprivation. We propose two different measures that combine information on poverty and premature mortality of a population. These measures are consistent and satisfy a number of desirable properties unmet by all other measures combining early mortality and poverty. Moreover, one measure is readily computable with av...
