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作者：Baird, Sarah; Hicks, Joan Hamory; Kremer, Michael; Miguel, Edward
作者单位：George Washington University; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This study estimates long-run impacts of a child health investment, exploiting community-wide experimental variation in school-based deworming. The program increased labor supply among men and education among women, with accompanying shifts in labor market specialization. Ten years after deworming treatment, men who were eligible as boys stay enrolled for more years of primary school, work 17% more hours each week, spend more time in nonagricultural self-employment, are more likely to hold man...
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作者：Cesarini, David; Lindqvist, Erik; Ostling, Robert; Wallace, Bjorn
作者单位：New York University; Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN); National Bureau of Economic Research; Stockholm School of Economics; Stockholm University; University of Cambridge
摘要：We use administrative data on Swedish lottery players to estimate the causal impact of substantial wealth shocks on players' own health and their children's health and developmental outcomes. Our estimation sample is large, virtually free of attrition, and allows us to control for the factors conditional on which the prizes were randomly assigned. In adults, we find no evidence that wealth impacts mortality or health care utilization, with the possible exception of a small reduction in the con...
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作者：Gelber, Alexander; Isen, Adam; Kessler, Judd B.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research; United States Department of the Treasury; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Programs to encourage labor market activity among youth, including public employment programs and wage subsidies like the Work Opportunity Tax Credit, can be supported by three broad rationales. They may (i) provide contemporaneous income support to participants; (ii) encourage work experience that improves future employment and/or educational outcomes of participants; and/or (iii) keep participants out of trouble. We study randomized lotteries for access to the New York City (NYC) Summer Yout...
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作者：Bordalo, Pedro; Coffman, Katherine; Gennaioli, Nicola; Shleifer, Andrei
作者单位：University of Oxford; University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; Harvard University; Bocconi University; Harvard University
摘要：We present a model of stereotypes based on Kahneman and Tversky's representativeness heuristic. A decision maker assesses a target group by overweighting its representative types, defined as the types that occur more frequently in that group than in a baseline reference group. Stereotypes formed this way contain a kernel of truth: they are rooted in true differences between groups. Because stereotypes focus on differences, they cause belief distortions, particularly when groups are similar. St...
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作者：Bleakley, Hoyt; Ferrie, Joseph
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research; Northwestern University
摘要：Does the lack of wealth constrain parents' investments in the human capital of their descendants? We conduct a nearly 50-year follow-up of an episode in which such constraints would have been plausibly relaxed by a random allocation of substantial wealth to families. We track descendants of participants in Georgia's Cherokee Land Lottery of 1832, in which nearly every adult white male in the state took part. Winners received close to the median level of wealth-a large financial windfall orthog...
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作者：Haushofer, Johannes; Shapiro, Jeremy
作者单位：Princeton University
摘要：We use a randomized controlled trial to study the response of poor households in rural Kenya to unconditional cash transfers from the NGO GiveDirectly. The transfers differ from other programs in that they are explicitly unconditional, large, and concentrated in time. We randomized at both the village and household levels; furthermore, within the treatment group, we randomized recipient gender (wife versus husband), transfer timing (lump-sum transfer versus monthly installments), and transfer ...
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作者：Hottman, Colin J.; Redding, Stephen J.; Weinstein, David E.
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors; Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Columbia University
摘要：We develop and structurally estimate a model of heterogeneous multiproduct firms that can be used to decompose the firm-size distribution into the contributions of costs, appeal (quality or taste), markups, and product scope. Using Nielsen barcode data on prices and sales, we find that variation in firm appeal and product scope explains at least four fifths of the variation in firm sales. We show that the imperfect substitutability of products within firms, and the fact that larger firms suppl...
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作者：Bierbrauer, Felix J.; Boyer, Pierre C.
作者单位：University of Cologne; University of Mannheim; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; Ecole Polytechnique
摘要：We study political competition in an environment in which voters have private information about their preferences. Our framework covers models of income taxation, public-goods provision, or publicly provided private goods. Politicians are vote-share maximizers. They can propose any policy that is resource-feasible and incentive-compatible. They can also offer special favors to subsets of the electorate. We prove two main results. First, the unique symmetric equilibrium is such that policies ar...
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作者：Broner, Fernando; Ventura, Jaume
作者单位：Centre de Recerca en Economia Internacional (CREI); Pompeu Fabra University; Barcelona School of Economics
摘要：During the past three decades, many countries have lifted restrictions on cross-border financial transactions. We present a simple model that can account for the observed effects of financial globalization. The model emphasizes the role of imperfect enforcement of domestic debts and the interactions between domestic and foreign debts. Financial globalization can lead to a variety of outcomes: (i) domestic capital flight and ambiguous effects on net capital flows, investment, and growth; (ii) c...
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作者：Casaburi, Lorenzo; Troiano, Ugo
作者单位：Stanford University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：The incentives of political agents to enforce tax collection are key determinants of the levels of compliance. We study the electoral response to the Ghost Buildings program, a nationwide anti tax evasion policy in Italy that used innovative monitoring technologies to target buildings hidden from tax authorities. The program induced monetary and non-monetary benefits for non-evaders and an increase in local government expenditures. A one standard deviation increase in town-level program intens...
