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作者：Anderson, Siwan; Bidner, Chris
作者单位：Simon Fraser University; Simon Fraser University; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR)
摘要：In developing countries, the extent to which women possess property rights is shaped in large part by transfers received at the time of marriage. Focusing on dowry, we develop a simple model of the marriage market with intrahousehold bargaining to understand the incentives for brides' parents to allocate the rights over the dowry between their daughter and her groom. In doing so, we clarify and formalize the dual role'' of dowry-as a premortem bequest and as a market clearing price-identified ...
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作者：Akerman, Anders; Gaarder, Ingvil; Mogstad, Magne
作者单位：Stockholm University; University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Does adoption of broadband internet in firms enhance labor productivity and increase wages? Is this technological change skill biased or factor neutral? We combine several Norwegian data sets to answer these questions. A public program with limited funding rolled out broadband access points and provides plausibly exogenous variation in the availability and adoption of broadband internet in firms. Our results suggest that broadband internet improves (worsens) the labor market outcomes and produ...
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作者：Muralidharan, Karthik; Sundararaman, Venkatesh
作者单位：National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California San Diego; The World Bank
摘要：We present experimental evidence on the impact of a school choice program in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh that provided students with a voucher to finance attending a private school of their choice. The study design featured a unique two-stage lottery-based allocation of vouchers that created both student-level and market-level experiments, which allows us to study the individual and the aggregate effects of school choice (including spillovers). After two and four years of the program, w...
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作者：Campante, Filipe; Yanagizawa-Drott, David
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We study the economic effects of religious practices in the context of the observance of Ramadan fasting, one of the central tenets of Islam. To establish causality, we exploit variation in the length of daily fasting due to the interaction between the rotating Islamic calendar and a country's latitude. We report two key, quantitatively meaningful results: (i) longer Ramadan fasting has a negative effect on output growth in Muslim countries, and (ii) it increases subjective well-being among Mu...
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作者：Costinot, Arnaud; Donaldson, Dave; Vogel, Jonathan; Werning, Ivan
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Columbia University
摘要：The theory of comparative advantage is at the core of neoclassical trade theory. Yet we know little about its implications for how nations should conduct their trade policy. For example, should import sectors with weaker comparative advantage be protected more? Conversely, should export sectors with stronger comparative advantage be subsidized less? In this article we take a first stab at exploring these issues. Our main results imply that in the context of a canonical Ricardian model, optimal...
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作者：Greenwood, Robin; Hanson, Samuel G.
作者单位：Harvard University
摘要：We study the link between investment boom and bust cycles and returns on capital in the dry bulk shipping industry. We show that high current ship earnings are associated with high used ship prices and heightened industry investment in new ships, but forecast low future returns. We propose and estimate a behavioral model of industry cycles that can account for the evidence. In our model, firms overextrapolate exogenous demand shocks and partially neglect the endogenous investment response of t...
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作者：Einav, Liran; Finkelstein, Amy; Schrimpf, Paul
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of British Columbia
摘要：We study the demand response to nonlinear price schedules using data on insurance contracts and prescription drug purchases in Medicare Part D. We exploit the kink in individuals' budgets set created by the famous donut hole, where insurance becomes discontinuously much less generous on the margin, to provide descriptive evidence of the drug purchase response to a price increase. We then specify and estimate a simple dynamic model of drug use that allows us to quantify the spending response al...
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作者：Galasso, Alberto; Schankerman, Mark
作者单位：University of Toronto; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Cumulative innovation is central to economic growth. Do patent rights facilitate or impede follow-on innovation? We study the causal effect of removing patent rights by court invalidation on subsequent research related to the focal patent, as measured by later citations. We exploit random allocation of judges at the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit to control for endogeneity of patent invalidation. Patent invalidation leads to a 50% increase in citations to the focal patent, on av...
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作者：Bursztyn, Leonardo; Jensen, Robert
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; University of Pennsylvania; National Bureau of Economic Research; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：When effort is observable to peers, students may try to avoid social penalties by conforming to prevailing norms. To test this hypothesis, we first consider a natural experiment that introduced a performance leaderboard into computer-based high school courses. The result was a 24 percent performance decline. The decline appears to be driven by a desire to avoid the leaderboard; top performing students prior to the change, those most at risk of appearing on the leaderboard, had a 40 percent per...
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作者：Gabaix, Xavier; Maggiori, Matteo
作者单位：Harvard University; New York University
摘要：We provide a theory of the determination of exchange rates based on capital flows in imperfect financial markets. Capital flows drive exchange rates by altering the balance sheets of financiers that bear the risks resulting from international imbalances in the demand for financial assets. Such alterations to their balance sheets cause financiers to change their required compensation for holding currency risk, thus affecting both the level and volatility of exchange rates. Our theory of exchang...
