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作者：De Loecker, Jan; Eeckhout, Jan; Unger, Gabriel
作者单位：KU Leuven; National Bureau of Economic Research; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; ICREA; Pompeu Fabra University; Harvard University
摘要：We document the evolution of market power based on firm-level data for the U.S. economy since 1955. We measure both markups and profitability. In 1980, aggregate markups start to rise from 21% above marginal cost to 61% now. The increase is driven mainly by the upper tail of the markup distribution: the upper percentiles have increased sharply. Quite strikingly, the median is unchanged. In addition to the fattening upper tail of the markup distribution, there is reallocation of market share fr...
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作者：Sandvik, Jason J.; Saouma, Richard E.; Seegert, Nathan T.; Stanton, Christopher T.
作者单位：Tulane University; Michigan State University; Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We conducted a field experiment in a sales firm to test whether improving knowledge flows between coworkers affects productivity. Our design allows us to compare different management practices and isolate whether frictions to knowledge transmission primarily reside with knowledge seekers, knowledge providers, or both. We find large productivity gains from treatments that reduced frictions for knowledge seekers. Workers who were encouraged to seek advice from a randomly chosen partner during st...
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作者：Jakobsen, Katrine; Jakobsen, Kristian; Kleven, Henrik; Zucman, Gabriel
作者单位：University of Copenhagen; Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：Using administrative wealth records from Denmark, we study the effects of wealth taxes on wealth accumulation. Denmark used to impose one of the world's highest marginal tax rates on wealth, but this tax was greatly reduced starting in 1989 and later abolished. Due to the specific design of the wealth tax, the 1989 reform provides a compelling quasi-experiment for understanding behavioral responses among the wealthiest segments of the population. We find clear reduced-form effects of wealth ta...
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作者：Caplin, Andrew; Csaba, Daniel; Leahy, John; Nov, Oded
作者单位：New York University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：We introduce a simple method of recovering attention costs from choice data. Our method rests on a precise analogy with production theory. Costs of attention determine consumer demand and consumer welfare, just as a competitive firm's technology determines its supply curve and profits. We implement our recovery method experimentally, outline applications, and link our work to the broader literature on inattention and mistaken decisions.
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作者：Auriol, Emmanuelle; Lassebie, Julie; Panin, Amma; Raiber, Eva; Seabright, Paul
作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics; Organisation for Economic Co-operation & Development (OECD); Universite Catholique Louvain; Aix-Marseille Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
摘要：This article provides experimental support for the hypothesis that insurance can be a motive for religious donations. We randomize enrollment of members of a Pentecostal church in Ghana into a commercial funeral insurance policy. Then church members allocate money between themselves and a set of religious goods in a series of dictator games with significant stakes. Members enrolled in insurance give significantly less money to their own church compared with members who only receive information...
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作者：Enke, Benjamin
作者单位：Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：News reports and communication are inherently constrained by space, time, and attention. As a result, news sources often condition the decision of whether to share a piece of information on the similarity between the signal and the prior belief of the audience, which generates a sample selection problem. This article experimentally studies how people form beliefs in these contexts, in particular the mechanisms behind errors in statistical reasoning. I document that a substantial fraction of ex...
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作者：Koszegi, Botond; Matejka, Filip
作者单位：Central European University; Czech Academy of Sciences; Economics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Charles University Prague; Czech Academy of Sciences; Economics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences
摘要：We develop a theory of how an agent makes basic multiproduct consumption decisions in the presence of taste, consumption opportunity, and price shocks that are costly to attend to. We establish that the agent often simplifies her choices by restricting attention to a few important considerations, which depend on the decision at hand and affect her consumption patterns in specific ways. If the agent's problem is to choose the consumption levels of many goods with different degrees of substituta...
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作者：Baqaee, David Rezza; Farhi, Emmanuel
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Harvard University
摘要：This paper develops a general theory of aggregation in inefficient economies. We provide nonparametric formulas for aggregating microeconomic shocks in economies with distortions such as taxes, markups, frictions to resource reallocation, financial frictions, and nominal rigidities. We allow for arbitrary elasticities of substitution, returns to scale, factor mobility, and input-output network linkages. We show how to separately measure changes in technical and allocative efficiency. We also s...
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作者：Fajgelbaum, Pablo D.; Goldberg, Pinelopi K.; Kennedy, Patrick J.; Khandelwal, Amit K.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research; Yale University; The World Bank; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Columbia University
摘要：After decades of supporting free trade, in 2018 the United States raised import tariffs and major trade partners retaliated. We analyze the short-run impact of this return to protectionism on the U.S. economy. Import and retaliatory tariffs caused large declines in imports and exports. Prices of imports targeted by tariffs did not fall, implying complete pass-through of tariffs to duty-inclusive prices. The resulting losses to U.S. consumers and firms that buy imports was $51 billion, or 0.27%...
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作者：Weigel, Jonathan L.
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：This article provides evidence from a fragile state that citizens demand more of a voice in the government when it tries to Lax them. 1 examine a field experiment randomizing property tax collection across 356 neighborhoods of a large Congolese city. The tax campaign was the first time most citizens had been registered by the state or asked to pay formal taxes. It raised property tax compliance from 0.1% in control to 11.6% in treatment. It also increased political participation by about 5 per...
