-
作者：Munoz, Mathilde
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley
摘要：This article examines the labor market implications of the EU posting policy, a large temporary migration program facilitated by the liberalization of the free provision of services in Europe. Posting allows EU firms to send (post) their employees abroad to export customer-facing services. Combining administrative data and quasi-experimental policy variation, I find that the policy permanently increased total factor mobility in Europe without crowding out traditional migration. This result sug...
-
作者：Baron, E. Jason; Doyle, Joseph J., Jr.; Emanuel, Natalia; Hull, Peter; Ryan, Joseph
作者单位：Duke University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York; Brown University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：We develop empirical tools for studying discrimination in multiphase systems and apply them to the setting of foster care placement by child protective services. Leveraging the quasi-random assignment of two sets of decision-makers-initial hotline call screeners and subsequent investigators-we study how unwarranted racial disparities arise and propagate through this system. Using a sample of over 200,000 maltreatment allegations, we find that calls involving Black children are 55% more likely ...
-
作者：Chen, Jiafeng; Roth, Jonathan
作者单位：Harvard University; Brown University
摘要：When studying an outcome Y that is weakly positive but can equal zero (e.g., earnings), researchers frequently estimate an average treatment effect (ATE) for a log-like transformation that behaves like log (Y) for large Y but is defined at zero (e.g., log (1 + Y), arcsinh(Y)). We argue that ATEs for log-like transformations should not be interpreted as approximating percentage effects, since unlike a percentage, they depend on the units of the outcome. In fact, we show that if the treatment af...
-
作者：Baqaee, David R.; Burstein, Ariel T.; Koike-Mori, Yasutaka
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：The money metric utility function is an essential tool for calculating welfare-relevant growth and inflation. We show how to recover it from repeated cross-sectional data without making parametric assumptions about preferences. We do this by solving the following recursive problem. Given compensated demand, we construct money metric utility by integration. Given money metric utility, we construct compensated demand by matching households over time whose money metric utility value is the same. ...
-
作者：Bauer, Michael D.; Pflueger, Carolin E.; Sunderam, Adi
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; Harvard University
摘要：We estimate perceptions about the Federal Reserve's monetary policy rule from panel data on professional forecasts of interest rates and macroeconomic conditions. The perceived dependence of the federal funds rate on economic conditions varies substantially over time, in particular over the monetary policy cycle. Forecasters update their perceptions about the Fed's policy rule in response to monetary policy actions, measured by high-frequency interest rate surprises, suggesting that they have ...
-
作者：Kapon, Samuel; Del Carpio, Lucia; Chassang, Sylvain
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; INSEAD Business School; Princeton University
摘要：Tax collection with limited enforcement capacity may be consistent with both high- and low-delinquency regimes: high delinquency reduces the effectiveness of threats, thereby reinforcing high delinquency. We explore the practical challenges of unraveling the high-delinquency equilibrium using a mechanism design insight known as divide-and-conquer. Our preferred mechanism takes the form of prioritized iterative enforcement (PIE). Taxpayers are ranked using the ratio of expected collection to ca...
-
作者：Bailey, Martha J.; Helgerman, Thomas; Stuart, Bryan A.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Philadelphia
摘要：In the 1960s, two landmark statutes-the Equal Pay and Civil Rights Acts-targeted the long-standing practice of employment discrimination against U.S. women. For the next 15 years, the gender gap in median earnings among full-time, full-year workers changed little, leading many scholars to conclude that the legislation was ineffectual. This article revisits this conclusion using two research designs, which leverage (i) cross-state variation in preexisting state equal pay laws and (ii) variation...
-
作者：Grieco, Paul L. E.; Murry, Charles; Yurukoglu, Ali
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; Boston College; National Bureau of Economic Research; Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We construct measures of industry performance and welfare in the U.S. automobile market from 1980 to 2018. We estimate a demand model using product-level data on market shares, prices, and attributes, and consumer-level data on demographics, purchases, and stated second choices. We estimate marginal costs assuming Nash-Bertrand pricing. We relate trends in consumer welfare and markups to trends in market structure and the composition of products. Although real prices rose, we find that markups...
-
作者：Collinson, Robert; Humphries, John Eric; Mader, Nicholas; Reed, Davin; Tannenbaum, Daniel; van Dijk, Winnie
作者单位：University of Notre Dame; Yale University; University of Chicago; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Philadelphia; University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Lincoln; Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：More than two million U.S. households have an eviction case filed against them each year. Policy makers at the federal, state, and local levels are increasingly pursuing policies to reduce the number of evictions, citing harm to tenants and high public expenditures related to homelessness. We study the consequences of eviction for tenants using newly linked administrative data from two major urban areas: Cook County (which includes Chicago) and New York City. We document that before housing co...
-
作者：Garin, Andrew; Rothbaum, Jonathan
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This article studies the long-run effects of government-led construction of manufacturing plants on the regions where they were built and on individuals from those regions. Specifically, we examine publicly financed plants built in dispersed locations outside of major urban centers for security reasons during the U.S. industrial mobilization for World War II. Wartime plant construction had large and persistent effects on local development, characterized by an expansion of relatively high-wage ...
