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作者：Prato, Marta
作者单位：Bocconi University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：How does inventors' migration affect international talent allocation, knowledge diffusion, and productivity growth? To answer this question, I build a novel two-country innovation-led endogenous growth model, where heterogeneous inventors produce innovations, learn from others, and make dynamic migration and return decisions. Migrants interact with individuals at origin and destination, diffusing knowledge within and across countries. To quantify this framework, I construct a micro-level data ...
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作者：Payne, Jonathan; Szoke, Balint; Hall, George; Sargent, Thomas J.
作者单位：Princeton University; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve System Board of Governors; Brandeis University; New York University; Stanford University
摘要：From a new data set, we infer time series of term structures of yields on U.S. federal bonds during the gold standard era from 1791-1933 and use our estimates to reassess historical narratives about how the United States expanded its fiscal capacity. We show that U.S. debt carried a default risk premium until the end of the nineteenth century, when it started being priced as an alternative safe asset to U.K. debt. During the Civil War, investors expected the United States to return to a gold s...
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作者：Althoff, Lukas; Reichardt, Hugo
作者单位：Stanford University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：This article studies the long-run effects of slavery and restrictive Jim Crow institutions on Black Americans' economic outcomes. We track individual-level census records of each Black family from 1850 to 1940 and extend our analysis to neighborhood-level outcomes in 2000 and surname-based outcomes in 2023. We show that Black families whose ancestors were enslaved until the Civil War have considerably lower education, income, and wealth than Black families whose ancestors were free before the ...
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作者：Arold, Benjamin W.
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich
摘要：Anti-scientific attitudes can impose substantial costs on societies. Can schools be an important agent in mitigating the propagation of such attitudes? This article investigates the effect of the content of science education on anti-scientific attitudes, knowledge, and choices. The analysis exploits staggered reforms that reduce or expand the coverage of evolution theory in U.S. state science education standards. I compare adjacent student cohorts in models with state and cohort fixed effects....
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作者：Exley, Christine L.; Hauser, Oliver P.; Moore, Molly; Pezzuto, John-Henry
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Exeter; Washington University (WUSTL); University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：While there is a vast (and mixed) literature on gender differences in social preferences, little is known about believed gender differences in social preferences. Using data from 15 studies and 8,979 individuals, we find that women are believed to be more generous and more equality-oriented than men. This believed gender gap is robust across a wide range of contexts that vary in terms of strategic considerations, selfish motives, fairness concepts, and payoffs. Yet this believed gender gap is ...
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作者：Adams, Abi; Huttunen, Kristiina; Nix, Emily; Zhang, Ning
作者单位：University of Oxford; Aalto University; University of Southern California; Chinese University of Hong Kong
摘要：Domestic abuse encompasses a range of damaging behaviors beyond physical violence, including economic and emotional abuse. We analyze the impact of cohabiting with an abusive partner on victims' economic outcomes. In so doing, we highlight the systematic role of economic suppression in such relationships. Using Finnish administrative data and a matched-control event-study design, along with a within-individual comparison of outcomes across relationships, we document three new facts. First, wom...
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作者：Roussille, Nina
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：The gender ask gap measures the extent to which women ask for lower salaries than comparable men. This article studies its role in generating wage inequality, using novel data from an online recruitment platform for full-time engineering jobs: Hired.com. To use the platform, job candidates must post an ask salary, stating how much they want to make in their next job. Firms then apply to candidates by offering them a bid salary, solely based on the candidate's resume and ask salary. If the cand...
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作者：Graeber, Thomas; Roth, Christopher; Zimmermann, Florian
作者单位：Harvard University; University of Cologne; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); University of Bonn
摘要：For many decisions, we encounter relevant information over the course of days, months, or years. We consume such information in various forms, including stories (qualitative content about individual instances) and statistics (quantitative data about collections of observations). This article proposes that information type-story versus statistic-shapes selective memory. In controlled experiments, we document a pronounced story-statistic gap in memory: the average impact of statistics on beliefs...
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作者：Feigenbaum, James; Gross, Daniel
作者单位：Boston University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Duke University
摘要：In the early 1900s, telephone operation was among the most common jobs for American women, and telephone operators were ubiquitous. Between 1920 and 1940, AT&T undertook one of the largest automation investments in modern history, replacing operators with mechanical switching technology in over half of the U.S. telephone network. Using variation across U.S. cities in the timing of adoption, we study how this wave of automation affected the labor market for young women. Although automation elim...
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作者：Augenblick, Ned; Lazarus, Eben; Thaler, Michael
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; City St Georges, University of London
摘要：When people receive new information, sometimes they revise their beliefs too much, and sometimes too little. We show that a key driver of whether people overinfer or underinfer is the strength of the information. Based on a model in which people know which direction to update in, but not exactly how much to update, we hypothesize that people will overinfer from weak signals and underinfer from strong signals. We then test this hypothesis across four different environments: abstract experiments...
