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作者：Jacobsen, Mark R.; Knittel, Christopher R.; Sallee, James M.; van Benthem, Arthur A.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; National Bureau of Economic Research; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Corrective taxes can solve many market failures, but actual policies frequently deviate from the theoretical ideal because of administrative or political constraints. We present a method to quantify the efficiency costs of constraints on externality-correcting policies or, more generally, the costs of imperfect pricing, using simple regression statistics. Under certain conditions, the R-2 and the sum of squared residuals from a regression of true externalities on policy variables measure relat...
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作者：Pomatto, Luciano; Strack, Philipp; Tamuz, Omer
作者单位：California Institute of Technology; Yale University
摘要：Stochastic dominance is a crucial tool for the analysis of choice under risk. It is typically analyzed as a property of two gambles that are taken in isolation. We study how additional independent sources of risk (e.g., uninsurable labor risk, house price risk) can affect the ordering of gambles. We show that, perhaps surprisingly, background risk can be strong enough to render lotteries that are ranked by their expectation ranked in terms of first-order stochastic dominance. We extend our res...
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作者：Noe, Thomas
作者单位：University of Oxford; Bank of Finland
摘要：Consider a decision maker who selects between paired random draws from two unconditional distributions, always selecting the larger draw in the pair. When will the resulting selection-conditioned distributions be ordered by first-order stochastic or monotone likelihood ratio dominance? In various guises, this question arises in many economic contexts-tournaments, contests, auctions, cheap-talk games, announcement returns, qualitative choice models, and treatment effects under self-selection. T...
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作者：Fryer, Roland G., Jr.
作者单位：Harvard University
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作者：Orlov, Dmitry; Skrzypacz, Andrzej; Zryumov, Pavel
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; Stanford University; University of Rochester
摘要：A principal decides when to exercise a real option. A biased agent influences this decision by strategically disclosing information. Committing to disclose all information with a delay is the optimal way to persuade the principal to wait. Without dynamic commitment, this promise is credible only if the agent's bias is small; otherwise, he pipets information, probabilistically delaying the principal's action. When the agent is biased toward early exercise, his lack of commitment to remain quiet...
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作者：Acemoglu, Daron; Restrepo, Pascual
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Boston University
摘要：We study the effects of industrial robots on US labor markets. We show theoretically that robots may reduce employment and wages and that their local impacts can be estimated using variation in exposure to robots-defined from industry-level advances in robotics and local industry employment. We estimate robust negative effects of robots on employment and wages across commuting zones. We also show that areas most exposed to robots after 1990 do not exhibit any differential trends before then, a...
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作者：Andreoni, James; Aydin, Deniz; Barton, Blake; Bernheim, B. Douglas; Naecker, Jeffrey
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Washington University (WUSTL); Stanford University; Wesleyan University
摘要：In settings with uncertainty, tension exists between ex ante and ex post notions of fairness. Subjects in an experiment most commonly select the ex ante fair alternative ex ante and switch to the ex post fair alternative ex post. One potential explanation embraces consequentialism and construes reversals as time inconsistent. Another abandons consequentialism in favor of deontological (rule-based) ethics and thereby avoids the implication that revisions imply inconsistency. We test these expla...
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作者：Ashraf, Nava; Bau, Natalie; Nunn, Nathan; Voena, Alessandra
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR); Harvard University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Chicago
摘要：We document an important consequence of bride price, a payment made by the groom to the bride's family at marriage. Revisiting Indonesia's school construction program, we find that among ethnic groups without the custom, it had no effect on girls' schooling. Among ethnic groups with the custom, it had large positive effects. We show (theoretically and empirically) that this is because a daughter's education, by increasing the amount of money parents receive at marriage, generates an additional...
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作者：Persson, Petra
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Social insurance is often linked to marriage. Existing evidence suggests small marital responses to financial incentives and stems from settings where benefits are realized in the near future. I analyze how linking survivors insurance to marriage affects the marriage market. Exploiting Sweden's elimination of survivors insurance, I demonstrate that severing this link (1) affected entry into marriage up to 50 years before expected payout, (2) raised the divorce rate by 10%, and (3) raised the a...
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作者：Acemoglu, Daron; Cheema, Ali; Khwaja, Asim, I; Robinson, James A.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Lahore University of Management Sciences; Harvard University
摘要：This paper investigates whether information about improved public services can help build trust in state institutions and move people away from nonstate actors. We find that (truthful) information about reduced delays in state courts in rural Pakistan leads to citizens reporting higher likelihood of using them and to greater allocations to the state in high-stakes lab games. We also find negative indirect effects on nonstate actors and show that these changes are a response to improved beliefs...
