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作者：Bergman, Peter
作者单位：Columbia University
摘要：This paper studies information frictions between parents and children and their effect on human capital investments. I provide biweekly information to a random sample of parents about their child's missed assignments. Parents have upwardly biased beliefs about their child's effort. Providing information attenuates this bias and improves student achievement. Using data from the experiment, I estimate a persuasion game between parents and their children that shows that the treatment effect is du...
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作者：Miklos-Thal, Jeanine; Shaffer, Greg
作者单位：University of Rochester
摘要：Weyl and Fabinger (2013) analyze the social incidence of competition and the output and welfare effects of third-degree price discrimination by considering the hypothetical entrance of exogenous quantity into a market. The formulas they use for this purpose, however, are correct only for marginal changes in exogenous quantity starting at zero or if demand functions are linear. We show how using the correct formulas changes Weyl and Fabinger's analyses and leads to new results on the social inc...
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作者：Holm, Martin Blomhoff; Paul, Pascal; Tischbirek, Andreas
作者单位：University of Oslo; Federal Reserve System - USA; University of Lausanne
摘要：We investigate the transmission of monetary policy to household consumption using administrative data on the universe of households in Norway. On the basis of identified monetary policy shocks, we estimate the dynamic responses of consumption, income, and saving along the liquid asset distribution of households. For low-liquidity but also for high-liquidity households, changes in disposable income are associated with a sizable consumption reaction. The impact consumption response is closely li...
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作者：Banzhaf, H. Spencer
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia State University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Cross-sectional estimates of hedonic price functions theoretically recover marginal values for characteristics but face endogeneity problems. Consequently, economists have introduced difference-in-differences and other quasi-experimental econometric methods into hedonic models. Unfortunately, the welfare interpretation of these estimands has not been clear. This paper shows that quasi-experimental hedonics can identify the movement along the ex post price function. It further shows that this e...
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作者：Michaels, Guy; Nigmatulina, Dzhamilya; Rauch, Ferdinand; Regan, Tanner; Baruah, Neeraj; Dahlstrand, Amanda
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Oxford; University of Graz; University of London; London Business School
摘要：Africa's demand for urban housing is soaring, even as it faces a proliferation of slums. In this setting, can modest infrastructure investments in greenfield areas where people subsequently build their own houses facilitate long-run neighborhood development? We study Sites and Services projects implemented in seven Tanzanian cities during the 1970s and 1980s, and we use a spatial regression discontinuity design to compare greenfield areas that were treated (de novo) with nearby greenfield area...
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作者：Alexander, Diane
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago
摘要：Billions of dollars have been spent on pilot programs searching for ways to reduce health care costs. I study one such program, in which hospitals pay doctors bonuses for reducing the total hospital costs of admitted Medicare patients. Doctors respond to the bonuses by becoming more likely to admit patients whose treatment can generate high bonuses and sorting healthier patients into participating hospitals. Conditional on patient health, however, doctors do not reduce costs or change procedur...
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作者：Dube, Oeindrila; Harish, S. P.
作者单位：University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Do states experience more peace under female leadership? We examine this question in the context of Europe over the fifteenth to twentieth centuries. We use gender of the firstborn and presence of a sister among previous monarchs as instruments for queenly rule. We find that polities led by queens engaged in war more than polities led by kings. While single queens were more likely to be attacked than single kings, married queens were more likely to attack than married kings. These results sugg...
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作者：Borovicka, Jaroslav
作者单位：New York University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：I analytically characterize the long-run behavior of an economy with two types of agents who differ in their beliefs and are endowed with homothetic recursive preferences. Agents with more incorrect beliefs dominate, or agents with different accuracy of their beliefs coexist in the long run, for broad ranges of plausible parameterizations when risk aversion is greater than the inverse of the intertemporal elasticity of substitution. The results highlight a crucial interaction between risk shar...
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作者：Anderson, D. Mark; Brown, Ryan; Charles, Kerwin Kofi; Rees, Daniel I.
作者单位：Montana State University System; Montana State University Bozeman; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Denver; Yale University
摘要：Exploiting variation across states and municipalities in the timing and details of midwifery laws introduced during the period 1900-1940 and using data assembled from various primary sources, we find that requiring midwives to be licensed reduced maternal mortality by 7%-8% and may have led to modest reductions in infant mortality. These estimates represent the strongest evidence to date that licensing restrictions can improve the health of consumers and are directly relevant to ongoing policy...
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作者：Barth, Daniel; Papageorge, Nicholas W.; Thom, Kevin
作者单位：University of Southern California; Johns Hopkins University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：We show that genetic endowments linked to educational attainment strongly and robustly predict wealth at retirement. The estimated relationship is not fully explained by flexibly controlling for education and labor income. We therefore investigate a host of additional mechanisms that could account for the gene-wealth gradient, including inheritances, mortality, risk preferences, portfolio decisions, beliefs about the probabilities of macroeconomic events, and planning horizons. We provide evid...
