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作者：Marjanovic, Milena; Chen, Jie; Escartin, Javier; Parnell-Turner, Ross; Wu, Jyun-Nai
作者单位：Universite Paris Cite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Earth Sciences & Astronomy (INSU); University of California System; University of California San Diego; Scripps Institution of Oceanography; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CNRS - National Institute for Earth Sciences & Astronomy (INSU); Universite PSL; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS)
摘要：At fast - spreading centers, faults develop within the axial summit trough (AST; 0 to 250 m around the axis) primarily by diking - induced deformation originating from the axial magma lens (AML). The formation of the prominent abyssal - hill - bounding faults beyond the axial high (>2,000 m) is typically associated with the unbending of the lithosphere as it cools and spreads away from the AST. The presence of faults is rarely mapped between these two thermally distinct zones, where the lithos...
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作者：Nishihara, Arisa; Tsukatani, Yusuke; Azai, Chihiro; Nobu, Masaru K.
作者单位：National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST); Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC); Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology (JAMSTEC); Ritsumeikan University; Chuo University; RIKEN
摘要：Life harnessing light energy transformed the relationship between biology and Earth-bringing a massive flux of organic carbon and oxidants to Earth's surface that gave way to today's organotrophy- and respiration-dominated biosphere. However, our understanding of how life drove this transition has largely relied on the geological record; much remains unresolved due to the complexity and paucity of the genetic record tied to photosynthesis. Here, through holistic phylogenetic comparison of the ...
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作者：Mo, Ruoyang; Xu, Ding; Xu, Ning
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Science & Technology of China, CAS
摘要：Among many unexpected phenomena of active matter is the recently observed superfluid-like thinning (viscosity drop) behavior of bacteria suspensions. Understanding this peculiar self-propelled thinning by active matter is of theoretical and practical importance. Here, we find that, although distinct in driving mechanisms, active matter and shear flows exhibit similar thinning behaviors upon the increase of self -propulsion and shear forces, respectively. Our structural characterizations reveal...
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作者：Su, Pei-Yi (Alma); Chang, Chih- Hsu; Yen, Shin-Chwen Bruce; Wu, Hsiu- Yi; Tung, Wan- Ju; Hu, Yu- Pei; Chen, Yen-Yu Ian; Lin, Miao- Hsia; Shih, Chiaho; Chen, Pei- Jer; Tsai, Kevin
作者单位：Academia Sinica - Taiwan; National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University; Academia Sinica - Taiwan; Academia Sinica - Taiwan; National Taiwan University; China Medical University Taiwan; National Taiwan University; National Taiwan University; National Taiwan University; National Taiwan University Hospital
摘要：Epitranscriptomic RNA modifications have emerged as important regulators of the fate and function of viral RNAs. One prominent modification, the cytidine methylation 5 - methylcytidine (m 5 C), is found on the RNA of HIV - 1, where m 5 C enhances the translation of HIV - 1 RNA. However, whether m 5 C functionally enhances the RNA of other pathogenic viruses remains elusive. Here, we surveyed a panel of commonly found RNA modifications on the RNA of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and found that HBV RN...
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作者：Halasz, Haley; Malekos, Eric; Covarrubias, Sergio; Yitiz, Samira; Montano, Christy; Sudek, Lisa; Katzman, Sol; Liu, S. John; Horlbeck, Max A.; Namvar, Leila; Weissman, Jonathan S.; Carpenter, Susan
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Boston Children's Hospital; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Whitehead Institute; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) account for the largest portion of RNA from the transcriptome, yet most of their functions remain unknown. Here, we performed two independent high - throughput CRISPRi screens to understand the role of lncRNAs monocyte function and differentiation. The first was a reporter - based screen to identify lncRNAs that regulate TLR4 - NFkB signaling in human monocytes and the second screen identified lncRNAs involved in monocyte to macrophage differentiation. We successf...
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作者：Chan, Brian; Rubinstein, Michael
作者单位：Duke University; Duke University; Duke University; Duke University; Hokkaido University
摘要：In mammalian cells, the cohesin protein complex is believed to translocate along chromatin during interphase to form dynamic loops through a process called active loop extrusion. Chromosome conformation capture and imaging experiments have suggested that chromatin adopts a compact structure with limited interpenetration between chromosomes and between chromosomal sections. We developed a theory demonstrating that active loop extrusion causes the apparent fractal dimension of chromatin to cross...
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作者：Darlow, Ben; Gray, Ben
作者单位：University of Otago
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作者：Fagin, Ronald; Riegel, Ryan; Gray, Alexander
作者单位：International Business Machines (IBM); IBM USA; International Business Machines (IBM); IBM USA
摘要：Interest in logics with some notion of real -valued truths has existed since at least Boole and has been increasing in AI due to the emergence of neuro-symbolic approaches, though often their logical inference capabilities are characterized only qualitatively. We provide foundations for establishing the correctness and power of such systems. We introduce a rich class of multidimensional sentences, with a sound and complete axiomatization that can be parameterized to cover many real -valued log...
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作者：Li, Dan; Kok, Catherine Yen Li; Wang, Chao; Ray, Debleena; Osterburg, Susanne; Doetsch, Volker; Ghosh, Sujoy; Sabapathy, Kanaga
作者单位：National Cancer Centre Singapore (NCCS); National University of Singapore; Goethe University Frankfurt; Goethe University Frankfurt; Goethe University Frankfurt; National University of Singapore; National University of Singapore; Nanyang Technological University
摘要：The transcription factor p73, a member of the p53 tumor - suppressor family, regulates cell death and also supports tumorigenesis, although the mechanistic basis for the dichotomous functions is poorly understood. We report here the identification of an alternate transactivation domain (TAD) located at the extreme carboxyl (C) terminus of TAp73 (3 , a commonly expressed p73 isoform. Mutational disruption of this TAD significantly reduced TAp73 (3 's transactivation activity, to a level observe...
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作者：Porkolab, Gergo; Meszaros, Maria; Szecsko, Aniko; Vigh, Judit P.; Walter, Fruzsina R.; Figueiredo, Ricardo; Kalomista, Ildiko; Hoyk, Zsofia; Vizsnyiczai, Gaszton; Grof, Ilona; Jan, Jeng-Shiung; Gosselet, Fabien; Pirity, Melinda K.; Vastag, Monika; Hudson, Natalie; Campbell, Matthew; Veszelka, Szilvia; Deli, Maria A.
作者单位：HUN-REN; HUN-REN Biological Research Center; Institute of Biophysics - HAS; Szeged University; Gedeon Richter Chemistry Works; National Cheng Kung University; Universite d'Artois; HUN-REN; HUN-REN Biological Research Center; Institute of Genetics - HAS; Trinity College Dublin
摘要：Blood-brain barrier (BBB) models derived from human stem cells are powerful tools to improve our understanding of cerebrovascular diseases and to facilitate drug development for the human brain. Yet providing stem cell-derived endothelial cells with the right signaling cues to acquire BBB characteristics while also retaining their vascular identity remains challenging. Here, we show that the simultaneous activation of cyclic AMP and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and inhibition of the TGF-beta pat...
