Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

最新文章

• Structural basis for dimerization and activation of UvrD- family helicases AI翻译
  作者：Chadda, Ankita; Nguyen, Binh; Lohman, Timothy M.; Galburt, Eric A.
  作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL)
  摘要：UvrD- family helicases are superfamily 1A motor proteins that function during DNA replication, recombination, repair, and transcription. UvrD family monomers translocate along single- stranded (ss) DNA but need to be activated by dimerization to unwind DNA in the absence of force or accessory factors. However, prior structural studies have only revealed monomeric complexes. Here, we report the first structures of a dimeric UvrD- family helicase, Mycobacterium tuberculosis UvrD1, both free and ...
• Cryo- EM meets crystallography: A model- independent view of the heteronuclear Mn4Ca cluster structure of photosystem II AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Jimin
  作者单位：Yale University
  摘要：Photosynthesis converts solar energy to chemical energy by splitting water molecules and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and carbohydrates with an efficiency that engineers working on solar energy device can only dream of. Photosystem II (PSII) is the enzyme that catalyzes the light-driven oxidation of water that occurs during photosynthesis. This oxygen-producing reaction occurs in the Mn4Ca cluster found inside the enzyme's oxygen-evolving center (OEC). Even though the structure and mechani...
• Limited and biased global conservation funding means most threatened species remain unsupported AI翻译
  作者：Guenard, Benoit; Hughes, Alice C.; Laine, Claudianne; Cannicci, Stefano; Russell, Bayden D.; Williams, Gray A.
  作者单位：University of Hong Kong; University of Florence; University of Hong Kong; University of Hong Kong
  摘要：The conservation of biodiversity represents a global challenge as the world experiences its sixth mass extinction. Understanding how conservation efforts are allocated is paramount to effectively protect threatened species. We analyzed similar to 14,600 conservation projects over a 25- y period, revealing substantial taxonomic biases in funding. When matched with formal assessments of species' threat status, several highly threatened groups such as amphibians receive little and ever- decreasin...
• RORγt-expressing dendritic cells are functionally versatile and evolutionarily conserved antigen-presenting cells AI翻译
  作者：Narasimhan, Hamsa; Richter, Maria L.; Shakiba, Ramin; Papaioannou, Nikos E.; Stehle, Christina; Rengarajan, Kaushikk Ravi; Ulmert, Isabel; Kendirli, Arek; de la Rosa, Clara; Kuo, Pin-Yu; Altman, Abigail; Muench, Philipp; Mahboubi, Saba; Kuentzel, Vanessa; Sayed, Amina; Stange, Eva-Lena; Pes, Jonas; Antonova, Alina Ulezko; Pereira, Carlos-Filipe; Klein, Ludger; Dudziak, Diana; Colonna, Marco; Torow, Natalia; Hornef, Mathias W.; Clausen, Bjoern E.; Kerschensteiner, Martin; Lahl, Katharina; Romagnani, Chiara; Colome-Tatche, Maria; Schraml, Barbara U.
  作者单位：University of Munich; University of Munich; University of Munich; Free University of Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin; Free University of Berlin; Humboldt University of Berlin; Technical University of Denmark; University of Munich; University of Munich; University of Munich; University of Munich; Lund University; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; RWTH Aachen University; RWTH Aachen University Hospital; Washington University (WUSTL); Friedrich Schiller University of Jena; University of Calgary; University of Calgary; Academy of Athens; Helmholtz Association; Helmholtz-Center for Infection Research
  摘要：Conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) are potent antigen- presenting cells (APCs) that integrate signals from their environment allowing them to direct situation- adapted immunity. Thereby they harbor great potential for being targeted in vaccination, autoimmunity, and cancer. Here, we use fate mapping, functional analyses, and comparative cross- species transcriptomics to show that ROR gamma t+DCs are a conserved, functionally versatile, and transcriptionally distinct type of DCs. ROR gamma t+ ...
• pTDP-43 levels correlate with cell type-specific molecular alterations in the prefrontal cortex of C9orf72 ALS/FTD patients AI翻译
  作者：Wang, Hsiao-Lin V.; Xiang, Jian - Feng; Yuan, Chenyang; Veire, Austin M.; Gendron, Tania F.; Murray, Melissa E.; Tarse, Malu G.; Hu, Jian; Gearing, Marla; Glass, Jonathan D.; Jin, Peng; Corces, Victor G.; Mceachin, Zachary T.
  作者单位：Emory University; Emory University; Emory University; Rollins School Public Health; Mayo Clinic; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; State University System of Florida; University of Florida; Emory University; Emory University
  摘要：Repeat expansions in the C9orf72 gene are the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and familial frontotemporal dementia (ALS/FTD). To identify molecular defects that take place in the dorsolateral frontal cortex of patients with C9orf72ALS/FTD, we compared healthy controls with C9orf72ALS/FTD donor samples staged based on the levels of cortical phosphorylated TAR DNA binding protein (pTDP-43), a neuropathological hallmark of disease progression. We identified distinct mol...
• Erythroid progenitor cell-mediated spleen-tumor interaction deteriorates cancer immunity AI翻译
  作者：Wu, Zhi- Zhong; Deng, Wei- Wei; Zhu, Su- Wen; Wang, Wen - Da; Wang, Shuo; Yang, Qi- Chao; Li, Hao; Mao, Liang; Chen, Wanjun; Sun, Zhi- Jun
  作者单位：Wuhan University; Wuhan University; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research (NIDCR)
  摘要：Understanding both local and systemic immunity is essential to optimizing the effectiveness of immunotherapy. However, the dynamic alterations in systemic immunity during tumor development are yet to be clearly defined. Here, we identified a previously unrecognized connection that bridges the interaction between the spleen and tumor through erythroid progenitor cells (EPCs), which suppress tumor immunity and promote tumor progression. We performed the single- cell RNA-seq and RNA-seq to demons...
• S- Nitrosylation of CRTC1 in Alzheimer's disease impairs CREB- dependent gene expression induced by neuronal activity AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Xu; Vlkolinsky, Roman; Wu, Chongyang; Dolatabadi, Nima; Scott, Henry; Prikhodko, Olga; Zhang, Andrew; Blanco, Mayra; Lang, Nhi; Pina-Crespo, Juan; Nakamura, Tomohiro; Roberto, Marisa; Lipton, Stuart A.
  作者单位：Scripps Research Institute; Scripps Research Institute; Scripps Research Institute; University of California System; University of California San Diego
  摘要：cAMP response element- binding protein (CREB)- regulated transcription coactivator 1 (CRTC1) plays an important role in synaptic plasticity, learning, and long- term memory formation through the regulation of neuronal activity- dependent gene expression, and CRTC1 dysregulation is implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we show that increased S- nitrosylation of CRTC1 (forming SNO- CRTC1), as seen in cell- based, animal- based, and human- induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)- derived ce...
• Structures and functions of the limited natural polyclonal antibody response to parvovirus infection AI翻译
  作者：Adu, Oluwafemi F.; Lee, Hyunwook; Frueh, Simon P.; Schoenle, Marta, V; Weichert, Wendy S.; Flyak, Andrew I.; Hafenstein, Susan L.; Parrish, Colin R.
  作者单位：Cornell University; University of Minnesota System; University of Munich; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Mayo Clinic
  摘要：Host antibody responses are key components in the protection of animals against pathogens, yet the defining properties of viral antigens and induction of B cell responses that result in varied protection are still poorly understood. Parvoviruses are simple molecular structures that display 60 repeated motifs on their capsid surface, and rapidly induce strong antibody responses that protect animals from infection. We recently showed that following canine parvovirus infection of its natural host...
• Agouti and BMP signaling drive a naturally occurring fate conversion of melanophores to leucophores in zebrafish AI翻译
  作者：Huang, Delai; Kapadia, Emaan H.; Liang, Yipeng; Shriver, Leah P.; Dai, Shengkun; Patti, Gary J.; Humbel, Bruno M.; Laudet, Vincent; Parichy, David M.
  作者单位：University of Virginia; Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Okinawa Institute of Science & Technology Graduate University; Okinawa Institute of Science & Technology Graduate University; University of Virginia
  摘要：The often- distinctive pigment patterns of vertebrates are varied in form and function and depend on several types of pigment cells derived from embryonic neural crest or latent stem cells of neural crest origin. These cells and the patterns they produce have been useful for uncovering features of differentiation and morphogenesis that underlie adult phenotypes, and they offer opportunities to discover how patterns and the cell types themselves have diversified. In zebrafish, a body pattern of...
• Substance P receptor signaling contributes to host maladaptive responses during enteric bacterial infection AI翻译
  作者：Cremin, Michael; Ramirez, Valerie T.; Sanchez, Kristina; Tay, Emmy; Murray, Kaitlin; Brust-Mascher, Ingrid; Reardon, Colin
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis
  摘要：Immune responses in the intestine are intricately balanced to prevent pathogen entry without inducing immunopathology. The nervous system is well established to interface with the immune system to fine- tune immunity in various organ systems including the gastrointestinal tract. Specialized sensory neurons can detect bacteria, bacterial products, and the resulting inflammation, to coordinate the immune response in the gastrointestinal tract. These sensory neurons release peptide neurotransmitt...