Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

最新文章

• Leveraging probabilistic forecasts for dengue preparedness and control: The 2024 Dengue Forecasting Sprint in Brazil AI翻译
  作者：Araujo, Eduardo Correa; Carvalho, Luiz Max; Ganem, Fabiana; Vacaro, Lua Bida; Bastos, Leonardo S.; Freitas, Lais Picinini; Almeida, Iasmim Ferreira De; Bastos, Marcio; Alencar, Ramila; Bianchi, Lucas; Capellan, Raul; Chen, Xiang; Cruz, Oswaldo; Cunha, Americo; Das, Haridas K.; Fletcher, Chloe; Lana, Raquel Martins; Lowe, Rachel; Luhrsen, Daniela; Moirano, Giovenale; Moraga, Paula; Stolerman, Lucas M.; Valente, Fernanda; Codeco, Claudia Torres; Coelho, Flavio C.
  作者单位：Getulio Vargas Foundation; Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz; Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya; Barcelona Supercomputer Center (BSC-CNS); King Abdullah University of Science & Technology; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Laboratorio Nacional de Computacao Cientifica (LNCC); Oklahoma State University System; Oklahoma State University - Stillwater; ICREA; Getulio Vargas Foundation
  摘要：Forecast models are a key decision-support tool for public health authorities in managing epidemics, feeding into early warning systems, scenario evaluations, and an empirical basis for resource allocation. In Brazil, improving dengue forecasting became a priority in response to the unprecedented increase in cases, which surpassed the total of the previous decade and expanded to new regions. The Infodengue-Mosqlimate consortium launched the Infodengue-Mosqlimate Dengue Challenge 2024 (IMDC24),...
• Engineering chimeric antigen receptor CD4 T cells for Alzheimer's disease AI翻译
  作者：Boskovic, Pavle; Shalita, Rotem; Gao, Wenqing; Vernon, Hailey; Deng, Yu Lin; Colonna, Marco; Majzner, Robbie G.; Amit, Ido; Kipnis, Jonathan
  作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Washington University (WUSTL); Weizmann Institute of Science; Hong Kong University of Science & Technology; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Boston Children's Hospital; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
  摘要：Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the prevailing cause of age-associated dementia worldwide. Current standard of care relies on antibody-based immunotherapy. However, antibody-based approaches carry risks for patients, and their effects on cognition are marginal. Increasing evidence suggests that T cells contribute to AD onset and progression. Unlike the cytotoxic effects of CD8+ cells, CD4+ T cells capable of regulating inflammation show promise in reducing pathology and improving cognitive outcome...
• Beta arrestin 1 is a key regulator of pulmonary vascular tone AI翻译
  作者：Lebender, Leonard F.; Seidinger, Alexander; Matthey, Michaela; Dyck, Birte; Schlamm, Christian; Kaddoura, Abdullah; Hausherr, Maximilian; Eggers, Britta; Marcus, Katrin; Kostenis, Evi; Gieselmann, Volkmar; Adamzik, Michael; Klinke, Anna; Koos, Bjorn; Fleischmann, Bernd K.; Wenzel, Daniela
  作者单位：University of Bonn; Ruhr University Bochum; Ruhr University Bochum; Ruhr University Bochum; Ruhr University Bochum; University of Bonn; University of Bonn
  摘要：Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a serious disorder, in which increased vascular tone is one of the critical hallmarks. Since beta arrestins (bArrs) have been shown to regulate smooth muscle tone in the airways, we investigated the function of bArr1 in the pulmonary vasculature. Here, we report that bArr1 is essential for maintaining normal pulmonary arterial tone. Specifically, pulmonary arteries from bArr1-/- mice exhibited reduced NO-dependent vasorelaxation due to impaired soluble ...
• Synaptic transmission: Munc13 assembles onto PI(4,5)P2-rich domains into trimers that cooperate to capture vesicles AI翻译
  作者：Li, Feng; Radhakrishnan, Abhijith; Gautam, Sudhanshu; Diaz, Gabriel; Sundaram, Ramalingam Venkat Kalyana; Coleman, Jeff; Zheng, Hong; Grushin, Kirill; Chavent, Matthieu; Rothman, James E.; Pincet, Frederic
  作者单位：Yale University; Yale University; Universite de Toulouse (EPE); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Communaute d'universites et etablissements de Toulouse (Comue); Sorbonne Universite; Universite PSL; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite Paris Cite; Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS)
  摘要：Munc13-1 is a key protein involved in priming synaptic vesicles for rapid release at the presynaptic plasma membrane. It was previously revealed that Munc13-1 cycles between at least two alternate conformations, an upright (open) molecular conformation organized as a trimer and a lateral (closed) conformation organized as a hexagon. Munc13 binds PI(4,5)P2, a plasma membrane phospholipid essential for vesicle docking and fusion. We report that Munc13 is recruited to PI(4,5)P2 domains induced by...
• Human mitotic spindles as active liquid crystals: From collective behaviors to discrete filaments AI翻译
  作者：Maddu, Suryanarayana; Kelleher, Colm P.; Basaran, Mustafa; Muller-Reichert, Thomas; Shelley, Michael J.; Needleman, Daniel J.
  作者单位：Simons Foundation; Flatiron Institute; Syracuse University; Harvard University; Technische Universitat Dresden; New York University
  摘要：How thousands of microtubules (MTs) and molecular motors self-organize into spindles remains poorly understood. By combining static, nanometer-resolution, largescale electron tomography reconstructions and dynamic, optical-resolution, polarized light microscopy, we test an active liquid crystal continuum theory of mitotic spindles in human tissue culture cells. At micron length scales, probed by optical microscopy, the continuum theory accurately captures spindle morphology and fluctuation spe...
• Identifying genome-by-childhood trauma interactions for depression using a forest-based approach in the UK Biobank and Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study AI翻译
  作者：Hu, Yue; Gruen, Jeffrey R.; Zhang, Heping
  作者单位：Yale University; Yale University
  摘要：Depression is shaped by both genetic and environmental factors, but genome-wide interaction studies (GWIS) often lack power to detect complex gene-environment (G & times; E) interactions. We applied a forest-based machine learning approach to 38,018 UK Biobank (UKB) participants, examining interactions between 285,677 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and three trauma types (childhood, adult, and catastrophic trauma). While GWIS detected no significant interactions, we identified 8,225 po...
• Predictive free energy simulations through hierarchical distillation of quantum Hamiltonians AI翻译
  作者：Li, Chenghan; Chan, Garnet Kin-Lic
  作者单位：California Institute of Technology; California Institute of Technology
  摘要：Obtaining the free energies of condensed phase chemical reactions remains computationally prohibitive for high-level quantum mechanical methods. We introduce a hierarchical machine learning framework that bridges this gap by distilling knowledge from a small number of high-fidelity quantum calculations into increasingly coarse-grained, machine-learned quantum Hamiltonians. By retaining explicit electronic degrees of freedom, our approach further enables a faithful embedding of quantum and clas...
• Stress-homogenized spatial architectures via entropy-driven self-assembly enabling high-performance and durable lithium extraction AI翻译
  作者：Liu, Xiaoqian; Hao, Zewei; Liu, Tongcai; Zhao, Qipeng; Zhou, Xuefei; Zhang, Yalei; Chu, Huaqiang
  作者单位：Tongji University; Tongji University; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control & Ecological Security; Fuzhou University
  摘要：The global transition to sustainable energy demands efficient lithium extraction from brines. While electrochemical lithium extraction using LiMn2O4 (LMO) holds great promise, its practical application is hindered by mechanical degradation caused by anisotropic volume changes and stress accumulation during cycling. Herein, we present an entropy-driven amphiphilic self-assembly strategy that engineers stress-homogenized multilayer core-shell architectures, which innovatively mitigates stress ac...
• Structural basis for iterative methylation by a cobalamin-dependent radical S-adenosylmethionine enzyme in cystobactamids biosynthesis AI翻译
  作者：Cui, Jiayuan; Wang, Bo; Maurya, Ravi K.; Booker, Squire J.
  作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; University of Pennsylvania; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; University of Pennsylvania; Pennsylvania Medicine
  摘要：Cystobactamids are nonribosomal peptide natural products that function as DNA gyrase inhibitors, exhibiting significant antibacterial activity. They are isolated from Cystobacter sp. Cbv34 and contain various alkoxy groups on para-aminobenzoic acid moieties, which are believed to play a crucial role in antibacterial functions. The alkoxy groups are generated by iterative methylations on a methoxy group by the cobalamin to three methylations to give ethoxy, isopropoxy, sec-butoxy, and tert-buto...
• STING single amino acid polymorphisms modulate iridovirus immune evasion and pathogenicity spectrum AI翻译
  作者：Qin, Xiaowei; Liang, Mincong; Pan, Weiqiang; Zhan, Zhipeng; Li, Chuanrui; You, Yanlin; Weng, Shaoping; He, Jianguo; Guo, Changjun
  作者单位：Sun Yat Sen University; Southern Marine Science & Engineering Guangdong Laboratory; Southern Marine Science & Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai); Sun Yat Sen University
  摘要：The evolutionary arms race between viruses and hosts shapes host antiviral defenses and viral immune evasion, yet the mechanisms driving divergence in viral cross-species pathogenicity remain unclear. Here, we investigated the role of single amino acid polymorphisms (SAPs) in stimulator of interferon genes (STING) in modulating immune evasion ubiquitination at residues C196 and K315, promoting its degradation to suppress interferon responses. Importantly, the K315/R315 polymorphism acts as a m...