Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

最新文章

• Force-dependent structural dynamics of the giant nesprin-2 AI翻译
  作者：Shang, Fei; Zhang, Yuhang; Ye, Jiaqing; Zhang, Zhuwei; Qi, Xingyu; Chen, Hu; Yu, Miao; Le, Shimin
  作者单位：Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Xiamen University
  摘要：The nesprin protein family serves as a critical physical bridge between the cytoskeleton-a fundamental structural scaffold and mechanotransduction hub of the cell, and the nucleus-an intriguing and emerging mechanoresponsive element. Due to the external mechanical cues and the nucleo-cytoskeletal dynamics, the nesprins are physiologically under forces. However, the dynamics of nesprins within physiological forces and loading rates remain largely unexplored. In this study, we employ magnetic-tw...
• A shear-induced limit on bacterial surface adhesion in fluid flow AI翻译
  作者：Yeo, Edwina F.; Walker, Benjamin J.; Pearce, Philip; Dalwadi, Mohit P.
  作者单位：University of London; University College London; University of London; University College London; University of Oxford
  摘要：Controlling bacterial surface adhesion and subsequent biofilm formation in fluid systems is crucial for the safety and efficacy of medical and industrial processes. Here, we theoretically examine the transport of bacteria close to surfaces, isolating how the key processes of bacterial motility and fluid flow interact and alter surface adhesion. We exploit the disparity between the fluid velocity and the swimming velocity of common motile bacteria and, using a hybrid asymptotic-computational ap...
• Distinct contributions of hippocampal pathways in learning regularities and exceptions revealed by functional footprints AI翻译
  作者：Gumus, Melisa; Mack, Michael L.
  作者单位：University of Toronto; University of California System; University of California Berkeley
  摘要：Fundamental aspects of learning are theorized to be supported by hippocampal pathways: The monosynaptic pathway (MSP) extracts regularities, whereas the trisynaptic pathway (TSP) rapidly encodes exceptional items. Yet, the empirical evidence for the dynamic involvement of MSP and TSP in learning remains unresolved. We leveraged diffusion- weighted imaging to estimate the endpoints of MSP- and TSP- related white matter structures (i.e., footprints) within hippocampal subfields and the entorhina...
• mTOR signaling governs the formation of epithelial apical projections via S6K1-RhoA and aPKC-Lgl2 axes AI翻译
  作者：Sen, Sumit; Ghosh, Prithwish; Mukherjee, Sudipta; Prabhu, Shreedha; Khurana, Ginni; Pinto, Clyde Savio; Gupta, Kirti; Venkatramani, Ravindra; Sonawane, Mahendra
  作者单位：Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR); Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai; Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR); Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai; University of Erlangen Nuremberg; Francis Crick Institute; University of Warwick; Francis Crick Institute
  摘要：In metazoans, epithelia perform functions of absorption, diffusion, and secretion. The actin-based apical projections on the epithelial cells contribute to these functions and are formed via cell-autonomous mechanisms that control cell polarity, intracellular transport, and the cytoskeleton. However, the cues that function upstream of these cell-autonomous regulators remain poorly known. Using microridges on zebrafish epithelial cells as a paradigm, we show that mTOR, a metabolic sensor, regul...
• Mutation rate variability in viral populations: Implications for lethal mutagenesis AI翻译
  作者：Arcos, Sarah; Lauring, Adam S.
  作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
  摘要：Lethal mutagenesis is a strategy to achieve viral extinction by drugging viral mutation rates beyond an extinction threshold. Accurate estimation of the extinction threshold is critical, as elevating viral mutation rates near, but not past this threshold increases the likelihood of mutations that could result in drug resistance, vaccine escape, or increased pathogenesis. Traditional models of lethal mutagenesis rely on the Poisson distribution, which assumes a uniform mutation rate across indi...
• Primate gut microbiota induce evolutionarily salient changes in mouse neurodevelopment AI翻译
  作者：Decasien, Alex R.; Aronoff, Jacob E.; Mallott, Elizabeth K.; Kuthyar, Sahana; Chitta, Sriram; Layden, Brian T.; Sardaro, Maria L. Savo; Gray, Stanton; Williams, Lawrence E.; Liechty, Emma R.; Lee, Hyo M.; Lee, Won; Curley, James P.; Kuzawa, Christopher W.; Amato, Katherine R.
  作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute on Aging (NIA); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH); New York University; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Northwestern University; Washington University (WUSTL); University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of Texas System; UTMD Anderson Cancer Center; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; US Department of Veterans Affairs; Veterans Health Administration (VHA); Jesse Brown VA Medical Center; Northwestern University; Feinberg School of Medicine; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Jackson Laboratory; Harvard University
  摘要：Multiple primate species, including humans, evolved brains that are exceptionally large relative to their body sizes. These large brains coevolved with metabolic adaptations that enhance cerebral energy supply, including increased circulating glucose levels. While the gut microbiota (GM) is known to influence host metabolism, its potential role in primate brain evolution remains unclear. To investigate this, we inoculated germ-free mice with the GMs of primate species selected to separate the ...
• Mesoscale imaging of the human cerebellum reveals converging regional specialization of its morphology, vasculature, and cytoarchitecture AI翻译
  作者：Priovoulos, Nikos; Bazin, Pierre-Louis; Brouwer, Emma J. P.; Mejias, Jorge F.; de Buck, Matthijs H. S.; Alkemade, Anneke; van der Zwaag, Wietske; Caan, Matthan W. A.
  作者单位：University of Amsterdam; Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts & Sciences; Spinoza Centre for Neuroimaging (KNAW); University of Oxford; Maastricht University; Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts & Sciences; Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN-KNAW); University of Amsterdam; University of Amsterdam; University of Amsterdam
  摘要：The human cerebellar cortex, despite containing the majority of the brain's neurons, remains poorly characterized in vivo due to its extreme folding and thin laminar architecture. Here, we present a high-resolution imaging framework based on parallel-transmit, motion-corrected, ultra-high-field (7T) MRI paired with an automated, anatomically faithful cerebellar segmentation pipeline. This enables detailed quantification of cerebellar morphology and vascular architecture at scales previously in...
• Multimetallic synergies in tandem plasmonic photocatalysis AI翻译
  作者：Swearer, Dayne F.
  作者单位：Northwestern University; Northwestern University; Northwestern University
• Combination antiviral and anti-inflammatory therapy mitigates persistent neurological deficits in mice post SARS-CoV-2 infection AI翻译
  作者：Verma, Abhishek Kumar; Tan, Lu; Schuster, Noah; Moye, Skyler L.; Lin, Li-Chun; Lowery, Shea; Duraisami, Eazhisaivallabi; Llorens, Juan E. Abrahante; Qiu, Qiang; Hefti, Marco; Meyerholz, David K.; Coleman, Mitchell C.; Yu, C. Ron; Albers, Mark W.; Perlman, Stanley
  作者单位：University of Iowa; University of Iowa; University of Iowa; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Stowers Institute for Medical Research; University of Iowa; University of Iowa; University System of Ohio; Case Western Reserve University; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School
  摘要：Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) encompasses persistent neurological disease, including olfactory and cognitive dysfunction. The basis for this dysfunction is poorly understood. Here, we report neurological dysfunction for at least 120 d postinfection in mice infected with a virulent nonneurotropic mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2. Long after recovery from nasal infection, we observed diminished tyrosine hydroxylase expression in olfactory bulb glomeruli and in substantia nigra. Similar changes ...
• Neural crest cell recruitment and reprogramming as central drivers of embryonic limb regeneration AI翻译
  作者：Builhe, Beryl Laplace-; Tejedor, Gautier; De La Cruz, Jholy; Barthelaix, Audrey; Marmigere, Frederic; Sapede, Dora; Bahraoui, Sarah; Diouloufet, Lucie; Venteo, Stephanie; Collignon, Jerome; Jorgensen, Christian; Djouad, Farida
  作者单位：Universite de Montpellier; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon (ENS de LYON); Universite Lyon 1; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); CHU Lyon; Universite de Montpellier; Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); Universite Paris Cite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Universite de Montpellier; CHU de Montpellier
  摘要：Unlike regeneration-competent species, mammals lack epimorphic regeneration capacity, except for the most distal part of their digits. Here, we show that E10.5 mouse embryos can initiate regeneration of their forelimb bud (FB), but this capacity is lost by E12.5. Using comparative transcriptomics and in vivo lineage tracing approaches in the mouse embryo, we were able to identify a population of neural crest-derived cells (NCdCs) reexpressing early NC lineage molecular markers, Wnt1 and Foxd3,...