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作者：Naddaf, Miryam
摘要：Diseases such as West Nile virus and dengue are becoming increasingly common as the insects that spread them move north. Diseases such as West Nile virus and dengue are becoming increasingly common as the insects that spread them move north.
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作者：Woolston, Chris
摘要：With efforts to promote sustainability on the rise, researchers are making gains - but doing science in a green way isn't always easy.
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作者：Ding, Meiqi; Zhou, Yang; Becker, Dirk; Yang, Shang; Krischke, Markus; Scherzer, Soenke; Yu-Strzelczyk, Jing; Mueller, Martin J.; Hedrich, Rainer; Nagel, Georg; Gao, Shiqiang; Konrad, Kai R.
作者单位：University of Wurzburg; University of Wurzburg; University of Wurzburg; Zhengzhou University
摘要：Early plant responses to different stress situations often encompass cytosolic Ca2+ increases, plasma membrane depolarization and the generation of reactive oxygen species(1-3). However, the mechanisms by which these signalling elements are translated into defined physiological outcomes are poorly understood. Here, to study the basis for encoding of specificity in plant signal processing, we used light-gated ion channels (channelrhodopsins). We developed a genetically engineered channelrhodops...
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作者：Yan, Rui; Chen, Huiwen; Liu, Chuanyu; Zhao, Jun; Wu, Di; Jiang, Juquan; Gong, Jianke; Jiang, Daohua
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Institute of Physics, CAS; Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Northeast Agricultural University - China; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS; Peking University
摘要：Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is a fundamental macronutrient for all living organisms, the homeostasis of which is critical for numerous biological activities(1-3). As the only known human Pi exporter to date, XPR1 has an indispensable role in cellular Pi homeostasis(4,5). Dysfunction of XPR1 is associated with neurodegenerative disease(6-8). However, the mechanisms underpinning XPR1-mediated Pi efflux and regulation by the intracellular inositol polyphosphate (InsPP) sensor SPX domain remain poorl...
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作者：Slade, Patrick; Atkeson, Christopher; Donelan, J. Maxwell; Houdijk, Han; Ingraham, Kimberly A.; Kim, Myunghee; Kong, Kyoungchul; Poggensee, Katherine L.; Riener, Robert; Steinert, Martin; Zhang, Juanjuan; Collins, Steven H.
作者单位：Harvard University; Carnegie Mellon University; Simon Fraser University; University of Groningen; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital; Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (KAIST); Erasmus University Rotterdam; Erasmus MC; Delft University of Technology; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich; University of Geneva; University of Zurich; Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU); Nankai University; Stanford University
摘要：From industrial exoskeletons to implantable medical devices, robots that interact closely with people are poised to improve every aspect of our lives. Yet designing these systems is very challenging; humans are incredibly complex and, in many cases, we respond to robotic devices in ways that cannot be modelled or predicted with sufficient accuracy. A new approach, human-in-the-loop optimization, can overcome these challenges by systematically and empirically identifying the device characterist...
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作者：[Anonymous]
摘要：Online safety is crucial, but so are privacy and decentralization. Computer scientists who set the Internet's technical standards should be included in governance talks. Online safety is crucial, but so are privacy and decentralization. Computer scientists who set the Internet's technical standards should be included in governance talks.
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作者：[Anonymous]
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作者：Moore, Logan D.; Amuwa, Toluwanimi Chris; Shaw, Scott Richard; Ballinger, Matthew J.
作者单位：Mississippi State University; University of Wyoming
摘要：Parasitoid wasps are exceptionally diverse and use specialized adaptations capable of manipulating the physiology and behaviour of host organisms(1). In more than two centuries since the first records of Drosophila-parasitizing wasps, nearly 200 described and provisional parasitoid species of drosophilids have been identified(2). These include endoparasitoids and ectoparasitoids, as well as species attacking larval and pupal hosts(3). Despite a deep history of research attention and remarkable...
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作者：Byrne, Brendan; Liu, Junjie; Bowman, Kevin W.; Pascolini-Campbell, Madeleine; Chatterjee, Abhishek; Pandey, Sudhanshu; Miyazaki, Kazuyuki; van der Werf, Guido R.; Wunch, Debra; Wennberg, Paul O.; Roehl, Coleen M.; Sinha, Saptarshi
作者单位：California Institute of Technology; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL); California Institute of Technology; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; Wageningen University & Research; University of Toronto; California Institute of Technology; Washington University (WUSTL)
摘要：The 2023 Canadian forest fires have been extreme in scale and intensity with more than seven times the average annual area burned compared to the previous four decades1. Here, we quantify the carbon emissions from these fires from May to September 2023 on the basis of inverse modelling of satellite carbon monoxide observations. We find that the magnitude of the carbon emissions is 647 TgC (570-727 TgC), comparable to the annual fossil fuel emissions of large nations, with only India, China and...
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作者：Beddows, Cait A.; Shi, Feiyue; Horton, Anna L.; Dalal, Sagar; Zhang, Ping; Ling, Chang-Chun; Yong, V. Wee; Loh, Kim; Cho, Ellie; Karagiannis, Chris; Rose, Adam J.; Montgomery, Magdalene K.; Gregorevic, Paul; Watt, Matthew J.; Packer, Nicolle H.; Parker, Benjamin L.; Brown, Robyn M.; Moh, Edward S. X.; Dodd, Garron T.
作者单位：University of Melbourne; University of Melbourne; University of Melbourne; Florey Institute of Neuroscience & Mental Health; Macquarie University; ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology; University of Calgary; University of Calgary; University of Calgary; St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research; University of Melbourne; University of Melbourne; Monash University; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：Metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes are marked by insulin resistance(1,2). Cells within the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARC), which are crucial for regulating metabolism, become insulin resistant during the progression of metabolic disease(3-8), but these mechanisms are not fully understood. Here we investigated the role of a specialized chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan extracellular matrix, termed a perineuronal net, which surrounds ARC neurons. In metabolic diseas...
