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作者：Moulatlet, Gabriel M.; Merow, Cory; Maitner, Brian; Boyle, Brad; Feng, Xiao; Frazier, Amy E.; Hinojo, Cesar Hinojo-; Newman, Erica A.; Roehrdanz, Patrick R.; Song, Lei; Villalobos, Fabricio; Marquet, Pablo A.; Svenning, Jens- Christian; Enquist, Brian J.
作者单位：University of Arizona; University of Connecticut; University of Connecticut; State University System of Florida; University of South Florida; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill; University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara; Universidad de Sonora; James Madison University; Conservation International; Instituto de Ecologia - Mexico; Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; The Santa Fe Institute; Aarhus University
摘要：A longstanding question in ecology asks whether or not species that achieve large geographic ranges also have large climatic niche breadths. Using a dataset of similar to 250,000 terrestrial plant species spanning diverse clades (bryophytes, ferns, gymnosperms, and flowering plants), we demonstrate a consistent positive relationship between geographic range size and climatic niche breadth across latitudinal and elevational gradients. This relationship holds across major phylogenetic groups, su...
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作者：Chung, Ka Kit; Law, Kai Ching; Zhao, Ziwei; Ma, Juncai; Zhan, Xiao-Tong; Chiang, Cheuk Him; Leung, Kwan Ho; Shrestha, Ruben; Wu, Yixin; Li, Chaorui; Lee, Ka Ming; Feng, Lei; Li, Xibao; Wong, Kam Bo; Xu, Shou-Ling; Gao, Caiji; Zhuang, Xiaohong
作者单位：Chinese University of Hong Kong; Chinese University of Hong Kong; Carnegie Institution for Science; Chinese University of Hong Kong; South China Normal University; South China Normal University
摘要：Macroautophagy (hereafter autophagy) is essential for cells to respond to nutrient deficiency by delivering cytosolic contents to vacuoles for degradation via the formation of a multilayer organelle named an autophagosome. A set of autophagy-related (ATG) regulators are recruited to the phagophore assembly site for phagophore initiation, including its expansion and closure, and subsequent delivery into the vacuole. However, it remains elusive how the phagophore assembly is regulated under diff...
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作者：Velez-Ceron, Ignasi; Coelho, Rodrigo C. V.; Guillamat, Pau; Verges-Vilarrubia, Marc; da Gama, Margarida Telo; Sagues, Francesc; Iignes-Mullol, Jord
作者单位：University of Barcelona; University of Barcelona; Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas; Universidade de Lisboa; Universidade de Lisboa; Barcelona Institute of Science & Technology; University of Barcelona; Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya
摘要：Microfluidics involves the manipulation of flows at the microscale, typically requiring external power sources to generate pressure gradients. Alternatively, harnessing flows from active fluids, which are usually chaotic, has been proposed as a paradigm for the development of micromachines. Here, by combining experimental realizations and simulations, we demonstrate that the addition of triangular-shaped obstacles into an active nematic gel can locally break the fore-aft symmetry of active tur...
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作者：Zhao, Wenhao; Griffith, Katara; Liang, Jiangtao; Dorodnitsyna, Maria; Liu, Pengcheng; Saunders, Thomas R.; Zhu, Jinsong
作者单位：Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University; Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University; Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University; Nanjing Agricultural University
摘要：Although Methoprene-tolerant (MET) is well established as the intracellular receptor mediating the genomic actions of juvenile hormone (JH) in insects, the identity of the receptor responsible for initiating extranuclear JH responses has remained elusive. In the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti, we identify the platelet-derived growth factor-and vascular endothelial growth factor-receptor related (PVR) protein as a key mediator of membrane-initiated JH signaling. JH treatment induces robust...
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作者：Angiolari, Federica; Coretti, Alessandro; Salanne, Mathieu; Bonella, Sara
作者单位：Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne; University of Vienna; Sorbonne Universite; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Institut Universitaire de France
摘要：Liquid electrolytes adsorbed at the surface of metallic electrodes display a multitude of structures that can largely differ from the parent bulk system, both in terms of composition and local organization. In particular, the existence of disorder-order or order-order transitions has been increasingly reported in experimental and simulation studies, and the electrode potential identified as the corresponding driving force. The microscopic mechanisms and the stages of the process are, however, ...
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作者：Biswas, Sayak; Suman, Saurav; Randeria, Mohit; Sensarma, Rajdeep
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR); Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai
摘要：Andreev spectroscopy is one of the few phase-sensitive experiments done on moir & eacute; graphene superconductors (SC) that can shed light on the pairing symmetry. Its interpretation however is unclear, as Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) experiments in the Andreev and tunneling regimes show two distinct energy scales whose origin is mysterious. We show using a Green's function formulation that the two energy scales cannot be understood as a SC gap in the Andreev spectra and a pseudogap in...
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作者：Saldiva, Paulo Hilario Nascimento
作者单位：Universidade de Sao Paulo; Insper
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作者：Wu, Zulin; Gao, Jiaoqi; Gao, Ning; Zhao, Yunxian; Zhou, Yongjin J.
作者单位：Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS; Jiujiang University; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, CAS
摘要：Metabolic rewiring helps to construct efficient microbial cell factories; however, these cells suffer from metabolic stress during long-term fed-batch fermentation. Thus, the construction of robust cells is vital for industrial application of microbial cell factories at the laboratory scale. Here, we systematically characterized longevity factors and pathways for biosynthesis of the diterpenoid sclareol and found that weakening nutrient-sensing pathways and enhancing mitophagy synergistically ...
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作者：Zhang, Yi; Yang, Xinjia; Pan, Junmin
作者单位：Tsinghua University
摘要：The formation of cilia involves the assembly of axonemal microtubules, the structural core of the organelle, from tubulins that are delivered by intraflagellar transport and diffusion. Whether and how this process is controlled are not clear. Here, we show that Chlamydomonas MAK (CrMAK), related to mammalian ICK/MAK, regulates axonemal microtubule assembly by phosphorylating FAP256/CEP104, a microtubule plus-end tracking protein. CrMAK, primarily present in cilia, associates with the axoneme v...
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作者：Rodriguez, Gala; Watkins, Nicholas B.; Faraji, Xagros; Lee, Elizabeth; Sepunaru, Lior
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Barbara
摘要：Coacervates are suggested to be viable protoenzymes due to their propensity to act as catalytic microreactors for biochemical reactions. However, the mechanism by which they alter reaction thermodynamics remains unclear. While extensive research has been conducted displaying the ability of coacervates to compartmentalize a wide variety of reactants, products, and catalysts, insight into how reactant, transition state, and product energies are altered within the droplet continues to be an activ...
