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作者：AbuHammad, Shatha; Cullinane, Carleen; Martin, Claire; Bacolas, Zoe; Ward, Teresa; Chen, Huiqin; Slater, Alison; Ardley, Kerry; Kirby, Laura; Chan, Keefe T.; Brajanovski, Natalie; Smith, Lorey K.; Rao, Aparna D.; Lelliott, Emily J.; Kleinschmidt, Margarete; Vergara, Ismael A.; Papenfuss, Anthony T.; Lau, Peter; Ghosh, Prerana; Haupt, Sue; Haupt, Ygal; Sanij, Elaine; Poortinga, Gretchen; Pearson, Richard B.; Falk, Hendrik; Curtis, David J.; Stupple, Paul; Devlin, Mark; Street, Ian; Davies, Michael A.; McArthur, Grant A.; Sheppard, Karen E.
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作者：Goteti, Uday S.; Cybart, Shane A.; Dynes, Robert C.
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作者：Keller, Arielle S.; Shetty, Alisha; Barzilay, Ran; Calkins, Monica E.; Chong, Yap - Seng; Dave, Niyati; Fair, Damien A.; Gluckman, Peter D.; Gur, Raquel E.; Gur, Ruben C.; Mackey, Allyson P.; Meaney, Michael J.; Moore, Lucille A.; Moore, Tyler M.; Satterthwaite, Theodore D.; Tan, Ai Peng; Tervo-Clemmens, Brenden; Larsen, Bart S.
作者单位：University of Connecticut; University of Connecticut; University of Pennsylvania; Pennsylvania Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pennsylvania; Pennsylvania Medicine; Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia; University of Pennsylvania; Pennsylvania Medicine; Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia; Agency for Science Technology & Research (A*STAR); National University of Singapore; National University of Singapore; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; University of Auckland; University of Pennsylvania; McGill University; National University of Singapore; National University of Singapore; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
摘要：Children's cognitive abilities vary across short and long timescales, from circadian fluctuations to year- by- year developmental changes. Summer slide refers to seasonal variation in academic performance, characterized by decreased performance following an extended school vacation. However, it remains unclear whether this effect generalizes across varied assessments and the extent of this effect across sociodemographic groups has been debated. Though seasonal variation in cognitive performanc...
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作者：Olson, Blade A.; Huey-Tubman, Kathryn E.; Mao, Zhiyuan; Hoffmann, Magnus A. G.; Bjorkman, Pamela J.; Murray, Richard M.; Mayo, Stephen L.
作者单位：California Institute of Technology; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; California Institute of Technology; University of California System; University of California San Francisco; The J David Gladstone Institutes; University of California System; University of California San Francisco
摘要：Immune cells naturally secrete extracellular antigen-presenting vesicles (APVs) displaying peptide:MHC complexes to facilitate the initiation, expansion, maintenance, or silencing of immune responses. Previous work has sought to manufacture and purify these vesicles for cell-free immunotherapies. In this study, APV assembly and release is achieved in nonimmune cells by transfecting a single-chain heterotrimer (SCT) peptide major histocompatibility complex I (pMHCI) construct containing an ESCR...
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作者：Pinero, Jordi; Kolchinsky, Artemy; Redner, Sidney; Sole, Ricard
作者单位：Michigan State University; Pompeu Fabra University; Barcelona School of Economics; University of Tokyo; The Santa Fe Institute; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC-UPF - Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (IBE)
摘要：Mutualistic interactions are widespread in nature, from plant communities and microbiomes to human organizations. Along with competition for resources, cooperative interactions shape biodiversity and contribute to the robustness of complex ecosystems. We present a stochastic neutral theory of cooperator species. Our model shares with the classic neutral theory of biodiversity the assumption that all species are equivalent, but crucially differs in requiring cooperation between species for repl...
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作者：Swanson, Larry W.; Hahn, Joel D.; Sporns, Olaf
作者单位：University of Southern California; Indiana University System; Indiana University Bloomington
摘要：The vertebrate nervous system is traditionally parceled topographically into central and peripheral divisions. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) in turn is commonly viewed functionally as a set of nerves and ganglia transmitting input and output signals between the central nervous system (CNS) and other bodily systems to regulate physiology and behavior. Here, we collate and analyze neuroanatomical data on putative directed and weighted axonal connections between peripheral ganglia in a mamm...
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作者：Taghipour-Mirakmahaleh, Reza; Morin, Francoise; Zhang, Yu; Bourhoven, Louis; Beland, Louis-Charles; Zhou, Qun; Jaworski, Julie; Park, Anna; Dominguez, Juan Manuel; Corbeil, Jacques; Flanagan, Eoin P.; Marignier, Romain; Larochelle, Catherine; Kerfoot, Steven M.; Vallieres, Luc
作者单位：Laval University; Sanofi-Aventis; Sanofi USA; Laval University; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; Mayo Clinic; CHU Lyon; Universite de Montreal; Western University (University of Western Ontario)
摘要：Autoantibodies contribute to many autoimmune diseases, yet there is no approved therapy to neutralize them selectively. A popular mouse model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), could serve to develop such a therapy, provided we can better understand the nature and importance of the autoantibodies involved. Here, we report the finding of autoantibody-secreting extrafollicular plasmablasts in EAE induced with specific myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antigens. Single-cell...
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作者：Wang, Xin; Gu, Yuan; Zhong, Zhenxing; Yu, Pengcheng; Liu, Wenshuai; Zhu, Rui; Wang, Yu; Zhou, Zhaocai; Sun, Yihong; Wang, Xuefei; Yu, Fa-Xing
作者单位：Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University; Fudan University
摘要：Tumor cells heavily depend on proteasome- mediated protein turnover, making the proteasome an attractive therapeutic target. Clinically, proteasome inhibitors are effective against hematologic cancers but show limited success with solid tumors, and the reasons for this difference are not well understood. Activation of yes- associated protein (YAP)/ TAZ, the downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway, is a key mechanism behind drug resistance in cancers. Here, we demonstrate that proteasome stre...
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作者：Fogarty, Allyssa; Jia, Shuai; Wilbourne, Jillian; DuPuis, Claire; Zhao, Fei
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison
摘要：Androgens drive the morphogenesis and differentiation of the Wolffian duct (WD) into the epididymis, an essential organ for male reproduction, by binding to the androgen receptor (AR). However, it remains unclear whether other transcriptional programs operate beyond the central androgen/AR signaling in promoting WD development. We found that mesenchyme- specific deletion of the transcription factor Gata2 resulted in defective epididymal coiling in the corpus and caudal regions. The defective c...
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作者：Goetz, Andrew; Dixit, Purushottam
作者单位：Yale University; Yale University; Yale University; Yale University
摘要：Directional sensing enables eukaryotic cells to detect spatial gradients of extracellular ligands, allowing them to orient and migrate within complex environments. Prevalent models explain this computation through a circuit where signaling species with distinct diffusion constants act incoherently on a downstream readout. Here, we propose a fundamentally different mechanism of directional sensing based on simple receptor-level processes. Our model integrates three ubiquitous receptor processes...
