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作者：Althaus, Kieran N.; Hahn, Marlene; Alvarez-Clare, Silvia; Cavender-Bares, Jeannine; Coombes, Allen J.; Gonzalez-Elizondo, Maria del Socorro; Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Antonio; Manos, Paul S.; Rodriguez-Correa, Hernando; Valencia-Avalos, Susana; Hipp, Andrew L.
作者单位：University of Chicago; Morton Arboretum; Harvard University; Harvard University; Instituto Politecnico Nacional - Mexico; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; Duke University; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico
摘要：The origins and assembly of temperate biodiversity hotspots remain poorly understood. This knowledge gap is particularly evident in low-latitude montane regions of the Americas, where northern lineages have repeatedly colonized and diversified. Here we investigate the evolutionary history of oaks (Quercus) in the Americas, with a focus on their parallel radiation into Mexican and Central American montane forests. Using a time-calibrated phylogeny, we show that white oaks (Q. section Quercus) a...
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作者：Schmidt, Graham P.; Wang, Dihao; Phadkule, Amala; Chuang, Chern; Reppert, Mike; Schlau-Cohen, Gabriela S.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Purdue University System; Purdue University; Nevada System of Higher Education (NSHE); University of Nevada Las Vegas; Nevada System of Higher Education (NSHE); University of Nevada Las Vegas
摘要：Purple bacteria are a diverse group of photosynthetic organisms that can capture and convert light energy with high quantum efficiency across a variety of ecological niches. They absorb light via an array of antenna proteins, primarily light-harvesting complex 2 (LH2), and rapidly transport the energy to the reaction center, where charge separation occurs. LH2 typically consists of eight or nine subunits that each contain three bacteriochlorophyll and one carotenoid. In the marine species Mari...
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作者：Wei, Xianfang; Gong, Wanxin; Zheng, Yifan; Zhang, Jing; Wei, Xianyuan; Peng, Chen; He, Xiangwei; Jiang, Chao
作者单位：Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Zhejiang University; Guangxi University; Zhejiang University
摘要：Tandem repeats are highly mutable genomic elements with significant functional consequences, yet the mechanisms underlying their evolutionary origin remain unclear. One proposed mechanism is microhomology-mediated tandem duplication (MTD), in which single-copy DNA segments flanked by microhomology undergo duplication and may subsequently expand. Although MTD was first described in Schizosaccharomyces pombe , its prevalence and evolutionary significance across life have not been systematically ...
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作者：Crans, Victoria L.; Burton, Micah I.; Garde, Aastha; Wang, Lianyong; Jonikas, Martin C.
作者单位：Princeton University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Princeton University
摘要：Most algae enhance their CO2 assimilation by concentrating CO2 within the pyrenoid, a biomolecular condensate of the CO2-fixing enzyme Rubisco. Many pyrenoids are surrounded by a starch sheath thought to slow the escape of CO2 from the pyrenoid, but how the starch sheath is localized to the pyrenoid remains poorly understood. Here, in the model alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, we find that the protein SAGA2 is necessary for early pyrenoid starch sheath biogenesis and works redundantly with its ...
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作者：Freymueller, Nicholas A.; Lorenzen, Eline D.; Ayre, Matthew; Kovacs, Kit M.; Lydersen, Christian; Rahbek, Carsten; Fordham, Damien A.
作者单位：Adelaide University; University of Adelaide; Adelaide University; University of Adelaide; University of Copenhagen; University of Copenhagen; University of Calgary; University of Victoria; Norwegian Polar Institute; University of Copenhagen; University of Southern Denmark; Peking University
摘要：Commercial harvesting of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus), primarily by British and American whalers during the late-1700s to early-1900s, nearly caused their extinction. While whaling-offtake rates during this period are known, their spatiotemporal footprints are not, creating an important gap in understanding of the species recovery patterns. Using archival logbooks and Bayesian modeling, we reconstructed daily positions for >700 whaling voyages (totaling >90,000 d) across the Arctic, rev...
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作者：Patel, Roshni A.; Schraiber, Joshua G.; Pennell, Matt; Edge, Michael D.
作者单位：University of Oregon; University of Oregon; University of Southern California; Cornell University
摘要：Observational studies are commonly used in psychology and epidemiology to identify risk factors correlated with health outcomes. However, these studies are vulnerable to confounding when shared genetic variation influences both the putative risk factor and outcome. Researchers have often controlled for this type of genetic confounding using polygenic scores, but these scores are noisy and biased estimators of a trait's genetic component. While some newer methods offer significant improvements ...
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作者：Wu, Peipei; Wang, Jing; Pryor, Brett; Valentino, Isabella; Ritter, David F.; Loel, Kaiser; Yarychkivska, Olya; Shaham, Shai; Kinney, Justin; Ercan, Sevinc; Joshua-Tor, Leemor; Hammell, Christopher M.
作者单位：Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; New York University; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; Rockefeller University; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
摘要：Coordinated development requires that growth and cell-fate transitions occur in a defined temporal order across tissues, yet how multicellular organisms generate and synchronize developmental timing information remains unclear. In Caenorhabditis elegans , stage-specific cell-fate transitions are driven by pulsatile transcription of microRNAs, including lin-4 and let-7 family members, but the mechanism that produces these rhythms has been unknown. Here, we identify a developmental timer compose...
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作者：Conway, Bevil R.; Loggia, Spencer R.
作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Eye Institute (NEI); National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH); Brown University
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作者：Catarino, Bruno; Rodriguez-Marin, Fernando; Urbez, Cristina; Arvanitidou, Christina; Alvarez, Eva; Valverde, Federico; Franco-Zorrilla, Jose Manuel; Romero-Campero, Francisco; Blazquez, Miguel A.
作者单位：Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); Universitat Politecnica de Valencia; CSIC-UPV - Instituto de Biologia Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP); University of Sevilla; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Instituto de Bioquimica Vegetal y Fotosintesis (IBVF); Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC); CSIC - Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB); University of Sevilla
摘要：Plants rely on environmental information such as light and temperature to control growth and development. Integrating these cues improves developmental precision, yet it remains unclear how this capacity is distributed across major plant lineages and how it diversified during evolution. We investigated light-temperature integration across major green plant lineages with particular attention to the origin and early diversification of land plants. Using comparative phenotypic and transcriptomic ...
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作者：Csuros, Miklos
作者单位：Universite de Montreal
摘要：Deducing the makeup of ancient genomes is a fundamental challenge in evolutionary biology. While vast genomic datasets exist that span the entire tree of life, current methods for ancestral reconstructions struggle to resolve the inherent ambiguities of gene-sequence evolution at scale. Here, we present a numerically robust computational framework that overcomes the topological uncertainty of gene trees. Instead of tracking every single event, our phylogenetic gain-loss-duplication (GLD) model...
