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作者：Kogay, Roman; Karamycheva, Svetlana; Rochman, Nash D.; Wolf, Yuri I.; Koonin, Eugene V.
作者单位：National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Library of Medicine (NLM); Division of Intramural Research (DIR); City University of New York (CUNY) System; City University of New York (CUNY) System
摘要：Evolution of prokaryote genomes appears to be defined by the interplay of selection for genome streamlining, deletion bias, and selection for functional diversification. The previously observed overall positive correlation between the strength of selection, measured as the ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous nucleotide substitutions (dN/dS), points to diversification as the primary factor of prokaryote genome evolution. Here, we investigated the interplay between genome size and selection pre...
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作者：Moles, Angela; Bonduriansky, Russell; Bonser, Stephen; Falster, Daniel; Nakagawa, Shinichi; Andrew, Nigel; Lagisz, Malgorzata
作者单位：University of New South Wales Sydney; University of Alberta; Southern Cross University
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作者：He, Jilin; Lok, Chun-Nam; Yang, Guanya; He, Ying; Liu, Yungen; Saei, Amir Ata; Zhang, Yiwei; Zhang, Chunlei; Zhu, Yanting; Fu, Zhiwen; Beusch, Christian Michel; Sabatier, Pierre; Zubarev, Roman A.; Che, Chi-Ming
作者单位：University of Hong Kong; University of Hong Kong; Southern University of Science & Technology; Karolinska Institutet; Karolinska Institutet; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University
摘要：Ginseng is widely praised for its benefits on cancer patients, often attributed to its metabolite compound K (CK). Here, we synthesized a derivative (CKD-4) that, compared with CK, exhibited enhanced cellular uptake, threefold greater cytotoxicity, and improved pharmacokinetics. CKD-4 induced significant growth inhibition on lung cancer patient-derived organoids, and on cell line-derived xenografts with minimal systemic toxicity. CKD-4 also suppressed orthotopic lung tumor growth in immunocomp...
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作者：Iannaccone, Miryam; Xu, Wenjia; Gomez-Paez, Dennys-Marcela; Choinard, Sandrine; Maricchiolo, Elisa; Peaucelle, Alexis; Voxeur, Aline; Haas, Kalina Tamara; Lapierre, Catherine; Jimenez-Gomez, Jose M.; Pompa, Andrea; Magnani, Enrico
作者单位：Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); AgroParisTech; Universite Paris Saclay; INRAE; University of Urbino
摘要：The evolution of the seed habit can be traced back to a change in the cell fate of the nucellus, the sporophytic tissue responsible for female meiosis. Seeds arose when the nucellus retained the female spores instead of releasing them into the environment. As a consequence, the nucellus was partially eliminated to accommodate the growth of the female gametophyte inside the sporophyte. With the evolution of angiosperm seeds, the process of nucellus elimination was requisitioned to allow the gro...
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作者：Varesi, Angelica; Nagree, Murtaza S.; Di Biasio, Isabella; Zeng, Andy G. X.; Shah, Sayyam; Zhang, Michael; Kim, Hyerin; Murison, Alex; Badami, Rohail; Gan, Olga; Jin, Liqing; McLeod, Jessica; Abraham, Sheela A.; Minden, Mark D.; Arruda, Andrea; Novitzky-Basso, Igor; Mattsson, Jonas; Dick, John E.; Xie, Stephanie Z.
作者单位：University of Toronto; University of Toronto; University Health Network Toronto; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre; University of Toronto; Queens University - Canada; University of Toronto
摘要：Long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSC) maintain lifelong hematopoiesis while preserving the stem cell compartment through self-renewal. The human LT-HSC compartment is molecularly and functionally heterogeneous and also varies across ontogeny. Dissecting the molecular basis for this variation is impeded by the paucity of immunophenotypic markers to resolve LT-HSC heterogeneity. Here, we identified ATPase plasma membrane calcium transporting 1 (ATP2B1/PMCA1) as a cell surface marker that i...
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作者：Pineau, Rozenn M.; Bercovich, Natalia; Rieseberg, Loren H.; Kreiner, Julia M.
作者单位：University of Chicago; University of British Columbia
摘要：How genetic diversity responds to environmental change across spatiotemporal scales remains poorly understood despite its importance for species persistence in changing landscapes. Agricultural weeds offer ideal models for studying these adaptive dynamics as they rapidly evolve under both the intensive management practices designed to eliminate them and increasingly severe climate challenges such as drought. Here, we combine experimental and herbarium genomic approaches spanning within-generat...
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作者：Sekulovski, Nikola; Bartos, Frantisek; van den Bergh, Don; Arena, Giuseppe; Godmann, Henrik R.; Goyal, Vipasha; Pfadt, Julius M.; Marsman, Maarten; Raftery, Adrian E.
作者单位：University of Amsterdam; University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：Model uncertainty is a central challenge in statistical models for binary outcomes such as logistic regression, arising when it is unclear which predictors should be included in the model. Many methods have been proposed to address this issue for logistic regression, but their relative performance under realistic conditions remains poorly understood. We therefore conducted a preregistered, simulation-based comparison of 28 established methods for variable selection and inference under model un...
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作者：Ye, Jun; Hu, Zoey Z.; Lewis, Ben; Zhang, Wei; Riehle, Fritz; Sterr, Uwe; Ni, Yiqi; Struck, Julian
作者单位：National Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST) - USA; University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Boulder; California Institute of Technology; National Aeronautics & Space Administration (NASA); NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL); Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
摘要：The Moon's permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) are among the coldest places in the Solar System and are expected to become key landing sites for upcoming international space agency missions. Their proximity to peaks of perpetual solar power and potential resource richness makes them prime candidates for lunar exploration and future Moon bases. Here, we propose to deploy a passive, ultrastable optical resonator in these regions that will enable laser systems with unprecedented phase-coherence. ...
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作者：Dervishi, Malbor; Gunther, Jan; Li, Jinhui; Uzun, Huriye Deniz; Hansen, Hans Christian Bruun; Gunther Pomorski, Thomas; Fuglsang, Anja Thoe; Monje, Viviana; Bak, Soren
作者单位：University of Copenhagen; State University of New York (SUNY) System; University at Buffalo, SUNY; Ruhr University Bochum
摘要：Saponins are a class of plant-derived amphiphile defense compounds that disrupt cellular membranes, yet the basis for their selective toxicity remains unclear. Because membrane sterols diverged across the three major eukaryotic kingdoms from a shared biosynthetic precursor, we tested whether sterol identity governs membrane susceptibility to saponins. Using yeast, sterol supplementation, synthetic liposomes, and molecular dynamics simulations, we compared membranes containing zoosterols, mycos...
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作者：Madeira, Miguel M.; Hage, Zachary; Koliatsis, Dimitris; Kokkosis, Alexandros G.; Nnah, Kimberly; Rhee, Alexander J.; Rahme, Gilbert J.; Kamvisios, Katherine; Koromilas, Antonis E.; Rosati, Barbara; McKinnon, David; Tsirka, Stella E.
作者单位：State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University; Stony Brook University Hospital; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University; Stony Brook University Hospital; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University; Stony Brook University Hospital; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University; McGill University; Jewish General Hospital - Montreal; Lady Davis Institute; McGill University; State University of New York (SUNY) System; Stony Brook University
摘要：Chronic psychosocial stress is a major precipitant of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), yet the glial mechanisms that translate sustained stress into maladaptive myelin and immune changes remain unclear. Using chronic social defeat stress and single-nucleus RNA sequencing of anterior medial PFC (mPFC) oligodendroglia, we identified a mature-oligodendrocyte cluster almost exclusively from stress-susceptible animals, marked by immune genes (MHCII) and upregulated Pde4b. Integration with a human M...
