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作者：Rees, Geraint; Wilsdon, James
作者单位：University of London; University College London; University of London; University College London
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作者：Rong, Xuejun; Xiao, Jun; Zhao, Xinyuan; Yan, Yan; Li, Jing; Chen, Yifan; Fan, Yihua; Liu, Zhichao; Cao, Yue; Cao, Fan; Cheng, Rui; Wang, Xionglue; Wang, Longfei; Zhu, Bin
作者单位：Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Wuhan University; Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science & Technology Research Institute
摘要：Defense-associated reverse transcriptases (DRTs) transcribe noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) for antiviral defense, but the mechanisms of ncRNA-independent DRTs remain unclear. In this work, we show that a single DRT4 mediates RNA-targeting antiphage defense by integrating DNA polymerase, exonuclease, and RNA endonuclease activities. First, through an equilibrium between its DNA polymerase and exonuclease activities, DRT4 senses phage infection, as elevated deoxynucleotide triphosphate levels shift the...
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作者：Cottle, Thomas; Joh, Lydia; Posner, Cori; DeCosta, Adam; Campagna, Dean R.; Fleming, Mark D.; Ducamp, Sarah; Kardon, Julia R.
作者单位：Brandeis University; Harvard University; Harvard University Medical Affiliates; Boston Children's Hospital; Harvard University; Harvard Medical School
摘要：Heme biosynthesis is tightly coordinated to support essential functions without accumulating toxic porphyrins and depleting cellular iron. Heme induces degradation of the heme biosynthetic enzyme, 5-aminolevulinate synthase (ALAS), by the mitochondrial caseinolytic protease complex CLPX-CLPP (CLPXP), but the mechanism for heme-triggered degradation had not been elucidated. We found that polymerase delta-interacting protein 2 (POLDIP2) is a heme-sensing adaptor protein sufficient to reconstitut...
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作者：Shen, Siyu; Hu, Xue; Li, Dan; Tong, Yuru; Lv, Yunpeng; Tian, Zhenjiang; Wang, Jiadian; Tang, Hao; Wang, Yapeng; Kang, Lan; Nielsen, Jens; Huang, Luqi; Hu, Yating
作者单位：Capital Medical University; National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, CACMS; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences; Capital Medical University; Chalmers University of Technology
摘要：Lignans constitute a diverse family of plant metabolites with therapeutic potential. Among them, podophyllotoxin-type aryltetralin lignans serve as precursors for etoposide and teniposide. Etoposide is an essential anticancer medicine approved for first-line treatment of small cell lung cancer, whereas teniposide is used for treatment of leukemia and some brain tumors. Currently, these drugs depend on extraction of precursors from the endangered plant Sinopodophyllum hexandrum, followed by che...
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作者：Puszynska, Anna M.; Nguyen, Thao P.; Cangelosi, Andrew L.; Armani, Andrea; Roberts, Justin M.; Singh, Kristin A.; Cameron, James C.; Tseyang, Tenzin; Liu, Grace Y.; Lai, Steven; Sprenger, Hans-Georg; Yang, Jason; Colgan, William N.; Kedir, Jibril F.; Kajderowicz, Kathrin M.; Esantsi, Theodore K.; Lu, Yuancheng Ryan; Waite, Millenia; Kunchok, Tenzin; Lewis, Caroline A.; Schulte, Fabian; Bell, George W.; Sabatini, David M.; Weissman, Jonathan S.
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Whitehead Institute; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Padua; Waters Corporation; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Czech Academy of Sciences; Institute of Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Stanford University; Stanford Medicine; Duke University; Duke University; University of Zurich; Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); University of Massachusetts System; UMass Chan Medical School; University of Massachusetts Worcester; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Max Planck Society; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
摘要：Lysosomal dysfunction is a well-recognized feature of aging. Here, we used a suite of tools for rapid lysosomal isolation to construct a multitissue atlas of the metabolite changes lysosomes undergo during aging. Aged lysosomes in brain, heart, muscle, and white adipose tissue accumulated glycerophosphodiesters and cystine, metabolites that are causally linked to juvenile lysosomal storage disorders, Batten disease, and cystinosis. Levels of these metabolites increased linearly with age, prece...
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作者：Tseng, Z. Jack; Kahn, Leah X.; Pacheco-Castro, Adolfo; Carranza-Castaneda, Oscar; Aranda-Gomez, Jose Jorge; Wang, Yang; Chavez-Ambriz, Julio Cesar; Hannold, Chance; McDonald, H. Gregory; Wang, Xiaoming
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; Stanford University; Universidad Autonoma de Queretaro; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; State University System of Florida; Florida State University; State University System of Florida; Florida State University
摘要：The movement of taxa between North and South America across the Panamanian land bridge, known as the Great American Biotic Interchange (GABI), established modern-day mammal assemblages in the Americas, heralding the decisive end of what has been called the splendid isolation of the South American fauna. Lacking substantive low-latitude records, previous work on this pattern relied on South American and temperate North American fossils to conclude that pulsed interchanges began about 2.8 millio...
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作者：Zhu, Tianyu; Peng, Linqing; Zhai, Huanchen; Cui, Zhi-Hao; Chi, Runze; Chan, Garnet Kin-Lic
作者单位：California Institute of Technology; Yale University
摘要：The Kondo effect is a prototypical quantum phenomenon arising from the interaction between localized electrons in a magnetic impurity and itinerant electrons in a metallic host. Although this phenomenon has served as the testing ground for quantum many-body methods for decades, the precise description of Kondo physics with material specificity remains challenging. Here, we present a systematic ab initio approach to converge toward an exact zero-temperature electronic treatment of Kondo correla...
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作者：Doucet, Aurelien J.; Cristofari, Gael
作者单位：Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm); CHU Nice; Universite Cote d'Azur; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
摘要：Preferential insertion into the late-replicating inactive X explains L1 accumulation in this chromosome
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作者：Thorp, H. Holden
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作者：Xue, Haoran; Saltini, Marco; Illing, Nicola; Shepherd, Kelly; Page-Macdonald, Olivia; Marketos, Oliver; Robertson, Caroline; Shankar, Anand; Suss, Sarah; Kappel, Christian; Alseekh, Saleh; Deinum, Eva E.; Ingle, Robert A.; Lenhard, Michael
作者单位：University of Potsdam; Wageningen University & Research; University of Cape Town; Max Planck Society
摘要：How genes determine the development of chiral structures is a fascinating question. The reciprocal placement of female and male organs on opposite sides of mirror-image flowers promotes efficient cross-pollination. Here, we identified that in butterfly lilies, female and male organs deflect by a combination of genetically controlled chirality and gravitropism, orienting left and right with respect to an external rather than internal reference axis. We found coordinated organ placement to be co...
