-
作者：Wade, J
摘要：This research sought to identify the sources and rates of technological variation in an industry using a community-level framework, Using data on all merchant producers of microprocessors from 1971 to 1989, I found that new entrants were the sources of most new designs. The rate at which design sponsors entered the market follows organizational ecology's density-dependence model. Further, increasing market concentration increased the entry rate of new firms, most of which sponsored architectur...
-
作者：Youndt, MA; Snell, SA; Dean, JW; Lepak, DP
作者单位：University System of Ohio; University of Cincinnati
摘要：This study examines two alternative views-universal and contingency-of the human resources (HR)-performance relationship in manufacturing settings, Results from a survey of 97 plants primarily support a contingency approach to human resource management (HRM), An HR system focused on human capital enhancement was directly related to multiple dimensions of operational performance (i.e., employee productivity, machine efficiency, and customer alignment), but subsequent analysis revealed that this...
-
作者：Miller, D; Shamsie, J
作者单位：Columbia University; New York University
摘要：This article continues to operationally define and test the resource-based view of the firm in a study of the major U.S. film studios from 1936 to 1965. We found that property-based resources in the form of exclusive long-term contracts with stars and theaters helped financial performance in the stable, predictable environment of 1936-50. In contrast, knowledge-based resources in the form of production and coordinative talent and budgets boosted financial performance in the more uncertain (cha...
-
作者：Xin, KR; Pearce, JL
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine
摘要：Interview data from China are used to test an argument that executives develop personal connections in societies with underdeveloped legal support for private businesses. In China, such connections are called guanxi. An underdeveloped legal framework makes private-company executives more dependent on guanxi than executives in state-owned or collective-hybrid companies. Compared to the other executives, private-company executives considered business connections more important, depended more on ...
-
作者：Spreitzer, GM
摘要：A set of hypotheses based on emerging theory on high-involvement systems describes expected relationships between social structural characteristics at the level of the work unit (perceptions of role ambiguity, span of control, sociopolitical support, access to information and resources, and work unit climate) and feelings of empowerment. The hypotheses are examined with data on a sample of middle managers from diverse units of a Fortune 50 organization, A work unit with little role ambiguity, ...
-
作者：Zajac, EJ; Westphal, JD
摘要：This study shows how social psychological and sociopolitical factors can create divergence in the preferences of an incumbent CEO and existing board regarding the desired characteristics of a new CEO, and how relative CEO/board power can predict whose preferences are realized. Using extensive longitudinal data, we found that more powerful boards are more likely to change CEO characteristics in the direction of their own demographic profile. Outside successors are also typically demographically...
-
作者：Becker, B; Gerhart, B
作者单位：Vanderbilt University
摘要：We describe why human resource management (HRM) decisions are likely to have an important and unique influence on organizational performance. Our hope is that this research forum will help advance research on the link between HRM and organizational performance. We identify key unresolved questions in need of future study and make several suggestions intended to help researchers studying these questions build a more cumulative body of knowledge that will have key implications for both theory an...
-
作者：Markides, CC; Williamson, PJ
作者单位：INSEAD Business School
摘要：We argue that related diversification enhances performance only when it allows a business to obtain preferential access to strategic assets-those that are valuable, rare, imperfectly tradable, and costly to imitate. As the advantage this access affords will decay as a result of asset erosion and imitation by single business rivals, in the long run only competences that enable a firm to build new strategic assets more quickly and efficiently than competitors will allow it to sustain supernormal...
-
作者：Amabile, TM; Conti, R; Coon, H; Lazenby, J; Herron, M
作者单位：Colgate University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of Southern California
摘要：We describe the development and validation of a new instrument, KEYS: Assessing the Climate for Creativity, designed to assess perceived stimulants and obstacles to creativity in organizational work environments. The KEYS scales have acceptable factor structures, internal consistencies, test-retest reliabilities, and preliminary convergent and discriminant validity. A construct validity study shows that perceived work environments, as assessed by the KEYS scales, discriminate between high-crea...
-
作者：Drazin, R; Schoonhoven, CB
作者单位：Dartmouth College
摘要：Two distinct themes emerge from the Special Research Forum on Innovation and Organizations. One group of articles develops an expanded view of the influence of context on organizations' ability to innovate. Together, the articles offer a complex multilevel view of context as including elements ranging from the dominant strategy of an organization to the social-psychological antecedents of creativity. A second group of articles provides a community and population perspective on the diffusion of...
