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作者：Sonenshein, Scott
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：I present and test a model of issue crafting, in which individuals shape the meaning of social issues by intentionally using language in public that portrays those issues in ways that differ from the individuals' private understandings of the issues. Using statements collected with an experimental design, I found that the public language individuals used was more economic and less normative than were their private understandings. Issue crafting varies with organizational values and power relat...
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作者：Lavie, Dovev; Rosenkopf, Lori
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Do firms balance exploration and exploitation in their alliance formation decisions and, if so, why and how? We argue that absorptive capacity and organizational inertia impose conflicting pressures for exploration and exploitation with respect to the value chain function of alliances, the attributes of partners, and partners' network positions. Although path dependencies reinforce either exploration or exploitation within each of these domains, we find that firms balance their tendencies to e...
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作者：Polzer, Jeffrey T.; Crisp, C. Brad; Jarvenpaa, Sirkka L.; Kim, Jerry W.
作者单位：Harvard University; Abilene Christian University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; Columbia University
摘要：We theorize that in geographically dispersed teams, members' geographic locations are likely to activate faultlines (hypothetical dividing lines that split a group into subgroups) that impair team functioning. In a study of 45 teams comprised of graduate students from 14 schools in ten countries, we found that geographic faultlines heightened conflict and reduced trust. These faultlines were stronger when a team was divided into two equally sized subgroups of colocated members and when these s...
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作者：Broschak, JP; Davis-Blake, A
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：We examined how proportions of individuals in standard and nonstandard work arrangements affected work group members' relationships with supervisors, social relations with coworkers, willingness to assist others, and intentions to leave their organization. Supporting Blalock's theory of majority-minority group relations, higher proportions of nonstandard workers were associated with less favorable attitudes toward supervisors and peers, increased turnover intentions, and decreased work-related...
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作者：David, RJ; Strang, D
作者单位：McGill University; Cornell University
摘要：We analyze changes over time in the types of consulting firms offering total quality management services. When TQM was a booming management fashion, consultants tended to be generalists with weak links to the technical foundations of the practice; after the fashion went bust, TQM consulting was increasingly populated by specialists with quality control expertise. These results suggest that fashionable practices can return to their technical roots after the hype is over, reversing the usual ins...
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作者：Carson, Stephen J.; Madhok, Anoop; Wu, Tao
作者单位：Utah System of Higher Education; University of Utah; York University - Canada; University of Northern Iowa
摘要：Comparing the effectiveness of contractual and relational governance in constraining opportunism under conditions of volatility and ambiguity, we hypothesize that relational contracts will be robust to volatility but not to ambiguity, whereas formal contracts will be robust to ambiguity but not to volatility. Data from 125 interorganizational relationships involving R&D for new-product development support these hypotheses. Our findings suggest that formal and relational contracts each have adv...
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作者：Fong, Christina Ting
作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
摘要：Emotional ambivalence, or the simultaneous experience of positive and negative emotions, is an underexplored emotional state in organizations. The results from two laboratory experiments demonstrate that individuals experiencing emotional ambivalence are better at recognizing unusual relationships between concepts, therefore showing an ability believed to be important to organizational creativity. Informational theories of emotion suggest that individuals interpret emotional ambivalence, which...
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作者：Bonardi, Jean-Philippe; Holburn, Guy L. F.; Vanden Bergh, Richard G.
作者单位：Western University (University of Western Ontario); University Western Ontario Hospital; University of Vermont
摘要：This paper develops and tests a theory of the performance determinants of a firm's nonmarket strategy in shaping public policy outcomes. Building on the concept of political market attractiveness, we argue that nonmarket performance is influenced by both the characteristics of a firm's regulatory and political environment, especially rivalry among interest groups or politicians, and by internal capabilities that enable a firm to mitigate political transaction costs. Using data on regulatory fi...
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作者：Sparrowe, Raymond T.; Soetjipto, Budi W.; Kraimer, Maria L.
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); University of Melbourne
摘要：By integrating leader member exchange (LMX) theory and the group engagement model, we argue that the relation between leaders' downward influence tactics and members' helping behavior depends on LMX quality. We developed hypotheses for five influence tactics and tested them using 177 dyads. Our results support three of the hypothesized interactions. The study contributes to research on influence tactics and LMX by pointing out how their joint effects may impact member behaviors toward a work g...
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作者：Taylor, Alva; Greve, Henrich R.
作者单位：Dartmouth College; BI Norwegian Business School
摘要：This study focuses on effects of knowledge and experience on both mean and variance measures of individual and team innovations. We propose that multiple knowledge domains produce novel combinations that increase the variance of product performance and that extensive experience produces outputs with high average performance. We analyzed innovations in the comic book industry, finding that innovations with extreme success and failure were affected by factors similar to those affecting high-perf...
