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作者：Bailey, Martha J.; Sun, Shuqiao; Timpe, Brenden
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles; The World Bank; University of Nebraska System; University of Nebraska Lincoln
摘要：This paper evaluates the long-run effects of Head Start using large-scale, restricted administrative data. Using the county roll-out of Head Start between 1965 and 1980 and age-eligibility cutoffs for school entry, we find that Head Start generated large increases in adult human capital and economic self-sufficiency, including a 0.-65-year increase in schooling, a 2.-7 percent increase in high school completion, an 8.5 percent increase in college enrollment, and a 39 percent increase in colleg...
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作者：Goeree, Jacob K.; Louis, Philippos
作者单位：University of New South Wales Sydney; University of Cyprus
摘要：We introduce a set-valued solution concept, M equilibrium, to capture empirical regularities from over half a century of game theory experiments. We show M equilibrium serves as a meta theory for various models that hitherto were considered unrelated. M equilibrium is empirically robust and, despite being set-valued, falsifiable. Results from a series of experiments that compare M equilibrium to leading behavioral game theory models demonstrate its virtues in predicting observed choices and st...
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作者：Arkhangelsky, Dmitry; Athey, Susan; Hirshberg, David A.; Imbens, Guido W.; Wager, Stefan
作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Emory University; Stanford University; Stanford University
摘要：We present a new estimator for causal effects with panel data that builds on insights behind the widely used difference-in-differences and synthetic control methods. Relative to these methods we find, both theoretically and empirically, that this synthetic difference-in-differences estimator has desirable robustness properties, and that it performs well in settings where the conventional estimators are commonly used in practice. We study the asymptotic behavior of the estimator when the system...
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作者：Chahrour, Ryan; Nimark, Kristoffer; Pitschner, Stefan
作者单位：Boston College; Cornell University; Uppsala University
摘要：We formalize the editorial role of news media in a multisector economy and show that media can be an independent source of business cycle fluctuations, even when they report accurate information. Public reporting about a subset of sectoral developments that are newsworthy but unrepresentative causes firms across all sectors to hire too much or too little labor. We construct historical measures of US sectoral news coverage and use them to calibrate our model. Time-varying media focus generates ...
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作者：Kartik, Navin; Kleiner, Andreas; Van Weelden, Richard
作者单位：Columbia University; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh
摘要：A proposer requires a veto player's approval to change a status quo. Proposer is uncertain about Vetoer's preferences. We show that Vetoer is typically given a non-singleton menu, or delegation set, of options to pick from. The optimal set balances the extent of compromise with the risk of a veto. We identify conditions for certain delegation sets to emerge, including full delegation: Vetoer can choose any action between the status quo and Proposer's ideal action. By contrast to expertise-base...
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作者：Basri, M. Chatib; Felix, Mayara; Hanna, Rema; Olken, Benjamin A.
作者单位：University of Indonesia; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Harvard University
摘要：We compare two approaches to increasing tax revenue: tax administration and tax rates. We show that when Indonesia moved top regional firms into medium taxpayer offices, with high staff-to-taxpayer ratios, tax revenue more than doubled. Examining nonlinear changes to corporate income tax rates, we estimate an elasticity of taxable income of 0.579. Combining these estimates, improved tax administration is equivalent to raising top rates on all firms by 8 percentage points. On net, improved tax ...
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作者：Chen, Yiqun
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Chicago; University of Illinois Chicago Hospital
摘要：This paper studies whether team members' past collaboration creates team-specific human capital and influences current team performance. Using administrative Medicare claims for two heart procedures, I find that shared work experience between the doctor who performs the procedure (proceduralist) and the doctors who provide care to the patient during the hospital stay for the procedure (physicians) reduces patient mortality rates. A one standard deviation increase in proceduralist-physician sha...
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作者：Braguinsky, Serguey; Ohyama, Atsushi; Okazaki, Tetsuji; Syverson, Chad
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Osaka; Hitotsubashi University; University of Tokyo; University of Chicago
摘要：We explore how firms grow by adding products. We leverage detailed data from Japan's cotton spinning industry at the turn of the last century to do so. This setting allows us to fully characterize the type of differentiation (vertical or horizontal) of new product introductions as well as whether the product is within or outside of the firm's prior technological capabilities. We find that trying to introduce innovative products beyond the firm's previous technologically feasible set, even if s...
