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作者：East, Chloe N.; Miller, Sarah; Page, Marianne; Wherry, Laura R.
作者单位：University of Colorado System; University of Colorado Denver; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of California System; University of California Davis; New York University
摘要：We examine multigenerational impacts of positive in utero health interventions using a new research design that exploits sharp increases in prenatal Medicaid eligibility that occurred in some states. Our analyses are based on US Vital Statistics natality files, which enables linkages between individuals' early life Medicaid exposure and the next generation's health at birth. We find evidence that the health benefits associated with treated generations' early life program exposure extend to lat...
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作者：Best, Michael Carlos; Hjort, Jonas; Szakonyi, David
作者单位：Columbia University; University of London; University College London; George Washington University
摘要：Bureaucrats implement policy. How important are they for a state's productivity? And do the trade-offs between policies depend on their effectiveness? Using data on 16 million public purchases in Russia, we show that 39 percent of the variation in prices paid for narrowly defined items is due to the individual bureaucrats and organizations who manage procurement. Low-price buyers also display higher spending quality. Theory suggests that such differences in effective-ness can be pivotal for po...
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作者：Sodini, Paolo; Van Nieuwerburgh, Stun; Vestman, Roine; Von Lilienfeld-Toal, Ulf
作者单位：Stockholm School of Economics; Columbia University; Stockholm University; University of Luxembourg
摘要：Homeownership is widely stimulated by policy, yet its economic effects are poorly understood. We exploit quasi-random variation in homeownership generated by privatization decisions of municipally owned buildings and use granular data on demographics, income, housing, financial wealth, and debt that allow us to construct high-quality measures of spending. Homeownership causes wealth accumulation via house price appreciation, increases consumption, and improves consumption smoothing across time...
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作者：Brodeur, Abel; Carrell, Scott; Figlio, David; Lusher, Ester
作者单位：University of Ottawa; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin; IZA Institute Labor Economics; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Rochester; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Rochester; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); University of Pittsburgh
摘要：We use unique data from journal submissions to identify and unpack publication bias and p- hacking. We find initial submissions display significant bunching, suggesting the distribution among published statistics cannot be fully attributed to a publication bias in peer review. Desk- rejected manuscripts display greater heaping than those sent for review; i.e., marginally significant results are more likely to be desk rejected. Reviewer recommendations, in contrast, are positively associated wi...
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作者：Rubens, Michael
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：I examine the effects of oligopsony power on allocative efficiency and income redistribution by studying a size regulation in the Chinese tobacco industry that led to ownership consolidation. I show that separate identification of input price markdowns, goods price markups, and productivity is challenging when a subset of inputs is nonsubstitutable, which often holds for materials, and construct and estimate a model to overcome this challenge. I find that the regulation increased input price m...
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作者：Barwick, Panle Jia; Liu, Yanyan; Patacchini, Eleonora; Wu, Qi
作者单位：University of Wisconsin System; University of Wisconsin Madison; National Bureau of Economic Research; Cornell University; CGIAR; International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI); Cornell University; Cornell University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Peking University
摘要：This paper uses the universe of cellphone records from a Chinese telecommunication provider for a northern Chinese city to examine the role of information exchange in urban labor markets. We provide the first direct evidence of increased communication among referral pairs around job changes. Information provided by social contacts mitigates information asymmetry and improves labor market perfor-mance. (JEL D82, J62, O18, P23, P25, R23, Z13)
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作者：Okeke, Edward N.
作者单位：RAND Corporation; Rand Health
摘要：This paper describes the results of a policy experiment conducted in coordination with the Nigerian government. In this experiment, some communities were randomly selected to receive a new doctor. These doctors were posted to the local public health center. Prior to their arrival, health care was provided by midlevel health-care providers (MLP). To separate the effect of (ostensibly higher) quality from that of quantity, another group of communities was provided with an additional midlevel pro...
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作者：Cappelen, Alexander W.; Cappelen, Cornelius; Tungodden, Bertil
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); University of Bergen
摘要：A main focus in economics is how to design optimal policies in second-best situations, which often requires a trade-off between giving some individuals more than they deserve, false positives, and others less than they deserve, false negatives. This paper provides novel evidence on people's second-best fairness preferences from large-scale experimental studies in the United States and Norway. The majority of people are more concerned with false negatives than with false positives, but we docum...
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作者：Cage, Julia; Dagorret, Anna; Grosjean, Pauline; Jha, Saumitra
作者单位：Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); Stanford University
摘要：We measure how a network of heroes can legitimize and diffuse extreme political behaviors. We exploit newly declassified intelli-gence files, novel voting data, and regimental histories to show that home municipalities of French line regiments arbitrarily rotated under Philippe Petain's generalship through the heroic World War I battlefield of Verdun diverge politically thereafter, particularly fol-lowing Petain's own overt espousal of authoritarian views. Further, under Petain's collaboration...
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作者：Bauer, Michael D.; Swanson, Eric T.
作者单位：University of Hamburg; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Regressions of private-sector macroeconomic forecast revisions on monetary policy surprises often produce coefficients with signs opposite to standard macroeconomic models. The Fed information effect argues these puzzling results are due to monetary policy sur-prises revealing Fed private information. We show they are also con-sistent with a Fed response to news channel, where both the Fed and professional forecasters respond to incoming economic news. We present new evidence challenging the F...
