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作者：Jacobsen, Mark R.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：This paper employs an empirically estimated model to study the equilibrium effects of an increase in the US corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards. I identify and model heterogeneity across firms and find that the profit impacts of CAFE fall almost entirely on domestic producers. The welfare analyses consider the simultaneous household decision of vehicle and miles traveled, allowing direct comparison with a gasoline tax. Finally, I consider dynamic impacts in the used car market. I f...
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作者：Towe, Charles; Lawley, Chad
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; University of Manitoba
摘要：We examine the contagion effect of residential foreclosures and find strong evidence of a social interactions influence on default decisions where the interaction is based on neighbors' behavior in a previous period. Using a unique spatially explicit parcel-level dataset documenting residential foreclosures in Maryland for the years 2006-2009 and a highly localized neighborhood definition, based on 13 nearest neighbors, we find that a neighbor in foreclosure increases the hazard of additional ...
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作者：Bhargava, Saurabh; Pathania, Vikram S.
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We investigate the causal link between driver cell phone use and crash rates by exploiting a natural experiment induced by the 9 PM price discontinuity that characterizes a majority of recent cellular plans. We first document a 7.2 percent jump in driver call likelihood at the 9 PM threshold. Using a prior period as a comparison, we next document no corresponding change in the relative crash rate. Our estimates imply an upper bound in the crash risk odds ratio of 3.0, which rejects the 4.3 ass...
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作者：Gyourko, Joseph; Mayer, Christopher; Sinai, Todd
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania; National Bureau of Economic Research; Columbia University
摘要：We document large long-run differences in average house price appreciation across metropolitan areas over the past 50 years, and show they can be explained by an inelastic supply of land in some unique locations combined with an increasing number of high-income households nationally. The resulting high house prices and price-to-rent ratios in those superstar areas crowd out lower income households. The same forces generate a similar pattern among municipalities within a metropolitan area. Thes...
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作者：Sinai, Todd; Souleles, Nicholas
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
摘要：For households that face a possibility of moving across MSAs, the risk of home owning depends on the covariance of the sale prices of their current houses with the purchase prices of their likely future houses. We find empirically that households tend to move between highly correlated MSAs, significantly increasing the distribution of expected correlations in real house price growth across MSAs, and so raising the moving-hedge value of owning. Own/rent decisions are sensitive to this hedging v...
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作者：Knight, Brian
作者单位：Brown University
摘要：This paper provides a theoretical and empirical analysis of cross-state externalities associated with gun regulations that impact gun trafficking. Using tracing data, which identify the source state for crime guns recovered in destination states, we find that firearms tend to flow from states with weak laws to states with strict laws, satisfying a key theoretical condition for the existence of externalities. We also find that gun flows are more significant between nearby states, suggesting tha...
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作者：Feenstra, Robert C.; Mandel, Benjamin R.; Reinsdorf, Marshall B.; Slaughter, Matthew J.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Davis; National Bureau of Economic Research; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York; Dartmouth College; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：The acceleration in US productivity growth since 1995 is often attributed to declining prices for information technology (IT) goods, and therefore enhanced productivity growth in that sector. We investigate an alternative explanation for these IT price movements: gains in the US terms of trade and tariff reductions, especially for IT products, which led to greater gains than shown by official indexes. We do not, however, investigate the indexes used to deflate the domestic absorption component...
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作者：Gaynor, Martin; Moreno-Serra, Rodrigo; Propper, Carol
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; University of Bristol; National Bureau of Economic Research; Imperial College London; Imperial College London; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); Imperial College London
摘要：The effect of competition on the quality of health care remains a contested issue. Most empirical estimates rely on inference from nonexperimental data. In contrast, this paper exploits a pro-competitive policy reform to provide estimates of the impact of competition on hospital outcomes. The English government introduced a policy in 2006 to promote competition between hospitals. Using this policy to implement a difference-in-differences research design, we estimate the impact of the introduct...
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作者：Grosfeld, Irena; Rodnyansky, Alexander; Zhuravskaya, Ekaterina
作者单位：Paris School of Economics; Princeton University; Paris School of Economics
摘要：We estimate long-term effects of Jewish presence in Europe before World War II, using discontinuity at the border of the Pale of Settlement area where Jews were allowed to live in the Russian Empire. Current residents of the Pale have lower support for market, and are less entrepreneurial but more trusting compared to those outside the Pale. We suggest a mechanism and test for it: anti-Semitism generated persistent antimarket culture and trust among non-Jews. Consistent with this mechanism, an...
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作者：Niehaus, Paul; Atanassova, Antonia; Bertrand, Marianne; Mullainathan, Sendhil
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Nielsen Holdings Inc.; University of Chicago; Harvard University
摘要：Targeting assistance to the poor is a central problem in development. We study the problem of designing a proxy means test when the implementing agent is corruptible. Conditioning on more poverty indicators may worsen targeting in this environment because of a novel tradeoff between statistical accuracy and enforceability. We then test necessary conditions for this tradeoff using data on Below Poverty Line card allocation in India. Less eligible households pay larger bribes and are less likely...
