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作者：Becker, Sascha O.; Egger, Peter H.; von Ehrlich, Maximilian
作者单位：University of Warwick; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Oxford; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Nottingham; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Oxford; University of Bern
摘要：Researchers often estimate average treatment effects of programs without investigating heterogeneity across units. Yet, individuals, firms, regions, or countries vary in their ability to utilize transfers. We analyze Objective 1 transfers of the EU to regions below a certain income level by way of a regression discontinuity design with systematically varying heterogeneous treatment effects. Only about 30 percent and 21 percent of the regions-those with sufficient human capital and good-enough ...
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作者：Pindyck, Robert S.; Wang, Neng
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); Columbia University
摘要：How likely is a catastrophic event that would substantially reduce the capital stock, GDP, and wealth? How much should society be willing to pay to reduce the probability or impact of a catastrophe? We answer these questions and provide a framework for policy analysis using a general equilibrium model of production, capital accumulation, and household preferences. Calibrating the model to economic and financial data, we estimate the mean arrival rate of shocks and their size distribution, the ...
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作者：Hungerman, Daniel M.
作者单位：University of Notre Dame; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper considers substitution between charitable activities in the context of religious practice by examining the Catholic Church sex abuse scandal's impact on both Catholic and non-Catholic religiosity. I find a fall in the Catholic population compensated by increases in non-Catholic participation and nonaffiliation. Back-of-the-envelope calculations suggest the scandal generated about $3 billion dollars in donations to non-Catholic faiths. Those leaving Catholicism frequently chose dissi...
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作者：Lockwood, Ben; Porcelli, Francesco
作者单位：University of Warwick
摘要：This paper studies Comprehensive Performance Assessment, an explicit incentive scheme for local government in England. Motivated by a theoretical political agency model, we predict that CPA should increase service quality and local taxation, but have an ambiguous effect on the efficiency of service provision. We test these predictions using Welsh local governments as a control group: CPA increased the property tax, and our index of service quality, but had no significant effect on efficiency o...
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作者：Cascio, Elizabeth U.; Gordon, Nora; Reber, Sarah
作者单位：Dartmouth College; Georgetown University; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：We analyze the effects of the introduction of Title I of the 1965 Elementary and Secondary Education Act, a large federal grants program designed to increase poor students' educational services and achievement. We focus on the South, the poorest region of the country. Title I increased school spending by $0.50 on the dollar in the average southern school district and by more in districts with less ability to offset grants through local tax reductions. Title I-induced increases in school budget...
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作者：Piermartini, Roberta; Rousova, Linda
作者单位：World Health Organization; European Central Bank
摘要：Using information on 2,300 Air Services Agreements covering 184 countries, we investigate the impact of air services liberalization on passenger flows. We find that a certain level of liberalization is required to have a positive effect on passenger traffic. In particular, we estimate that the multilateralization of multiple designation provisions, Open Skies Agreements and European Economic Area-type agreements would increase passenger traffic worldwide by 0.5, 5, and 10 percent, respectively...
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作者：Felbermayr, Gabriel J.; Larch, Mario; Lechthaler, Wolfgang
作者单位：Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Munich; University of Nottingham; University of Bayreuth; University of Munich; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Leibniz Association; Institut fur Weltwirtschaft an der Universitat Kiel (IFW)
摘要：How do changes in labor market institutions, like more generous unemployment benefits in one country, affect labor market outcomes in other countries? We set up a two-country Armingtonian trade model with frictions on the goods and labor markets. Contrary to the literature, higher labor market frictions increase unemployment at home and abroad. The strength of the spillover depends on the relative size of countries and on trade costs. It is exacerbated when real wages are rigid. Using panel da...
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作者：Chatterjee, Arpita; Dix-Carneiro, Rafael; Vichyanond, Jade
作者单位：University of New South Wales Sydney; University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; International Monetary Fund
摘要：This paper studies the effect of exchange rate shocks on export behavior of multi-product firms. We provide a theoretical framework illustrating how firms adjust their prices, quantities, product scope, and sales distribution across products in the event of exchange rate fluctuations. In response to a real exchange rate depreciation, firms increase markups for all products, but markup increases decline with firm-product-specific marginal costs of production. We find robust evidence for our the...
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作者：Grinstein-Weiss, Michal; Sherraden, Michael; Gale, William G.; Rohe, William M.; Schreiner, Mark; Key, Clinton
作者单位：Washington University (WUSTL); Brookings Institution; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
摘要：We examine the long-term effects of a 1998-2003 randomized experiment in Tulsa, Oklahoma with Individual Development Accounts that offered low-income households 2:1 matching funds for housing down payments. Prior work shows that, among households who rented in 1998, homeownership rates increased more through 2003 in the treatment group than for controls. We show that control group renters caught up rapidly with the treatment group after the experiment ended. As of 2009, the program had an econ...
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作者：Niehaus, Paul; Sukhtankar, Sandip
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; Dartmouth College
摘要：Theoretical work on disciplining corrupt agents has emphasized the role of expected future rents-for example, efficiency wages. Yet taken seriously this approach implies that illicit future rents should also deter corruption. We study this golden goose effect in the context of a statutory wage increase in India's employment guarantee scheme, comparing official microrecords to original household survey data to measure corruption. We estimate large golden goose effects that reduced the total imp...
