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作者：Englander, Gabriel
作者单位：The World Bank
摘要：This paper establishes that a targeted policy backfires because it reveals information about nontargeted units. In the world's largest fishery, the regulator attempts to reduce the harvesting of juvenile fish by temporarily closing areas where the share of juvenile catch is high. By combining administrative microdata with biologically richer data from fishing firms, I isolate variation in closures that is due to the regulator's lower-resolution data. I estimate substantial temporal and spatial...
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作者：Mueller, Karsten
作者单位：National University of Singapore
摘要：Do politics matter for macroprudential policies? I show that changes in macroprudential regulation exhibit a predictable electoral cycle in the run-up to 221 elections across 58 countries from 2000 through 2014. Policies restricting mortgages and consumer credit are system-atically looser before elections, particularly during economic expan-sions. Consistent with theories of opportunistic political cycles, this pattern is stronger when election outcomes are uncertain, regulators are closely ti...
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作者：Bagues, Manuel; Roth, Christopher
作者单位：University of Warwick; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of Cologne; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Max Planck Society
摘要：We study the long-run effects of contact with individuals from other regions in early adulthood on preferences, beliefs, and national identity. We combine a natural experiment, the random assignment of male conscripts to different locations throughout Spain, with tailored survey data. Being randomly assigned to complete military service outside of one's region of residence fosters contact with conscripts from other regions and increases sympathy and trust toward people from the region of servi...
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作者：Card, David; Fenizia, Alessandra; Silver, David
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Berkeley; National Bureau of Economic Research; George Washington University
摘要：Treatment practices vary widely across hospitals, often with little connection to patients' medical needs. We assess impacts of these differences in delivery practices at childbirth. We find that infants quasi-randomly delivered at hospitals with higher C-section rates are born in better shape and are less likely to be readmitted, with suggestive evidence of improved survival. These benefits are driven by avoidance of prolonged labors that pose risks to infant health. In contrast, these infant...
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作者：Jha, Akshaya; Wolak, Frank A.
作者单位：Carnegie Mellon University; Stanford University; Stanford University
摘要：Forward markets are believed to aggregate information about future spot prices and reduce the cost of producing the commodity. We develop a measure of the extent to which forward and spot prices agree in markets with transaction costs. Using this measure, we show that day-ahead prices better reflect real-time prices at all locations in California's electricity market after the introduction of financial trading. We then present evidence suggesting that operating costs and input fuel use fell af...
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作者：Shi, Ying; Singleton, John D.
作者单位：University of Rochester; University of Rochester
摘要：We examine the causal influence of educators elected to the school board on local education production. The key empirical challenge is that school board composition is endogenously determined through the electoral process. To overcome this, we develop a novel research design that leverages California's randomized assignment of the order that candidate names appear on election ballots. We find that an additional educator elected to the school board reduces charter schooling and increases teache...
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作者：Wallace, Jacob
作者单位：Yale University
摘要：Leveraging the random assignment of over 50,000 Medicaid enroll-ees in New York, I present causal evidence that narrower networks are a blunt instrument for reducing health care spending. While nar-rower networks constrain spending, they do so by generating hassle costs that reduce quantity, with modest effects on prices paid to pro-viders. Enrollees assigned to narrower networks use fewer of both needed and unneeded services and are less satisfied with their plans. Using my causal estimates t...
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作者：Traeger, Christian P.
作者单位：University of Oslo; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut
摘要：I study optimal carbon taxation in an analytic quantitative integrated assessment model (IAM) that links IAM components, parametric assumptions , calibration approaches directly to their policy impacts. I show how temperature's tax impact differs from that of previously analytically modeled carbon dynamics. Novel to analytic IAMs are a general economy, energy sectors including capital, vary-ing degrees of substitutability across energy sources, an approxi-mation of capital persistence, objecti...
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作者：Achou, Bertrand
作者单位：Universite de Montreal; HEC Montreal
摘要：Housing is mostly exempted from Medicaid and Supplemental Social Insurance means tests. Reforms of this special treatment have been debated, but little is known about its costs, benefits, and redistributive implications. I estimate a life cycle model of single retirees accounting for this exemption. It shows that the homestead exemption explains important patterns of Medicaid recipiency and that it is highly valued. It also shows that estate recovery could cover most of its costs with possibly...
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作者：Miglino, Enrico; Navarrete, Nicolas h.; Navarrete, Gonzalo h.; Navarrete, Pablo h.
作者单位：University of London; University College London; Universidad de Chile; Polytechnic University of Milan; Universidad de Chile; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：We estimate the effect of a permanent income increase on the health outcomes of the elderly poor. Our regression discontinuity design exploits an eligibility cutoff in a Chilean basic pension program that grants monthly payments to retirees without a contributory pension. Using administrative data, we find that four years after applying, basic pension recipients are 2.7 percentage points less likely to have died. Survey evidence suggests an increase in food consumption and visits to health cen...
