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作者：Sayinzoga, Aussi; Bulte, Erwin H.; Lensink, Robert
作者单位：University of Rwanda; Wageningen University & Research; University of Groningen
摘要：We organise a field experiment with smallholder farmers in Rwanda to measure the impact of financial literacy training on financial knowledge and behaviour. The training increased financial literacy of participants, changed their savings and borrowing behaviour and had a positive effect on the new business start-up. However, it failed to have a significant (short-term) impact on income. Using a two-stage regression framework, we identify enhanced financial literacy as one of the important fact...
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作者：Gould, Eric D.; Moav, Omer
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Hebrew University of Jerusalem; University of Warwick; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Warwick
摘要：This study examines how the sources and levels of income inequality affect how a country attracts and retains high skilled workers. With parameter values that yield realistic levels of emigration, our model shows that emigration rates increase with education when the returns to education are higher abroad. However, the relationship between unobservable skills (residual wages') and emigration can display an inverse U-shaped pattern, if unobservable skills are composed of both general' and count...
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作者：van den Berg, Gerard J.; Pinger, Pia R.; Schoch, Johannes
作者单位：University of Mannheim; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; University of Bonn; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We estimate average causal effects of early-life hunger on late-life health by applying instrumental variable estimation, using data with self-reported periods of hunger earlier in life, with famines as instruments. The data contain samples from European countries and include birth cohorts exposed to various famines in the twentieth century. We use two-sample IV estimation to deal with imperfect recollection of conditions at very early stages of life. The estimated average causal effects may e...
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作者：Ebenstein, Avraham; Hazan, Moshe; Simhon, Avi
作者单位：Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Tel Aviv University; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：Prior to 1996, Israelis in collective communities (kibbutzim) shared the costs of raising children equally. This article examines the impact of privatising costs of children on the fertility behaviour of young couples. Exploiting variation in parental cost-sharing across kibbutzim, we estimate that lifetime fertility declined by 0.65 children. We also examine the exit decisions of members, and find that couples were most likely to leave the kibbutz if they were either higher income or lower fe...
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作者：Selden, Larry; Wei, Xiao
作者单位：Columbia University; University of Pennsylvania
摘要：In a single commodity setting with changing tastes, an individual's consumption plan can be obtained using naive or sophisticated choice. We provide two sufficient conditions for when the solutions are unique and agree and the common plan is representable by a non-changing tastes utility. Because the solution is not revised over time, the plan and associated preferences are referred to as being effectively consistent. Afriat-style revealed preference tests are derived. The assumption of effect...
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作者：Weeds, Helen
作者单位：University of Essex
摘要：The article examines incentives for exclusive distribution of premium television programming. Static analysis shows that a vertically integrated operator with premium programming always supplies this content to the rival distributor, using per-subscriber fees to soften competition. In a dynamic setting with switching costs exclusivity confers a market share advantage, benefiting the operator in the future. Under certain conditions this future benefit outweighs the opportunity cost of forgone w...
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作者：Nenov, Plamen T.; Larsen, Erling Roed; Sommervoll, Dag Einar
作者单位：BI Norwegian Business School; Norwegian University of Life Sciences
摘要：This article uses cross-sectional variation in transaction seasonality and a search-theoretic framework to develop a test for thick-market effects from matching efficiency. The test relates the extent of transaction seasonality to the degree of horizontal housing heterogeneity. We find a strong positive association between measures of seasonality and housing heterogeneity using a transaction level dataset for Norway, which is consistent with the presence of thick-market effects. These results ...
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作者：Cubel, Maria; Nuevo-Chiquero, Ana; Sanchez-Pages, Santiago; Vidal-Fernandez, Marian
作者单位：University of Barcelona; University of Edinburgh; University of Sydney; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：While survey data supports a strong relationship between personality and labour market outcomes, the exact mechanisms behind this association remain unexplored. We take advantage of a controlled laboratory set-up to explore whether this relationship operates through productivity. Using a real-effort task, we analyse the impact of the Big Five personality traits on performance. We find that more neurotic subjects perform worse, and that more conscientious individuals perform better. These findi...
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作者：Caballero, Julian A.
作者单位：Inter-American Development Bank
摘要：This article asks whether capital inflows bonanzas increase the probability of banking crises and whether this occurs through a lending boom mechanism. Results indicate that bonanzas more than triple the odds of a crisis, raising its probability to 14% (from an unconditional probability of 4%). This effect exists in the absence of a lending boom and is found in both net and gross inflows bonanzas. This effect is driven by portfolio-equity and debt flows. While the effect of debt is channelled ...
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作者：Zhang, Jun; Zhou, Junjie
作者单位：University of Technology Sydney; Shanghai University of Finance & Economics
摘要：We examine optimal information disclosure through Bayesian persuasion in a two-player contest. One contestant's valuation is commonly known and the other's is his private information. The contest organiser can precommit to a signal to influence the uninformed contestant's belief about the informed contestant. We show that to search for the optimal signal when the informed contestant's valuation follows a binary distribution, it is without loss of generality to compare no disclosure with full d...
