-
作者：Antoniades, Alexis; Zaniboni, Nicola
作者单位：Georgetown University
摘要：We study exchange rate pass-through and its determinants using scanner data on fast moving consumer goods sold by 1,041 outlets in the United Arab Emirates between 2006 and 2010. The data are augmented with country of origin information. Our main finding is that exchange rate pass-through varies more across retailers within regions than across regions, and in particular that pass-through increases with retailer market share. We also find that exchange rate pass-through is negatively correlated...
-
作者：Mroz, Thomas A.; Picone, Gabriel; Sloan, Frank; Yashkin, Arseniy P.
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia State University; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Atlanta; State University System of Florida; University of South Florida; Duke University
摘要：We estimate a dynamic multistage duration model to investigate how early detection of diabetes can delay the onset of lower extremity complications and death. We allow for partial observability of the disease stage, unmeasured heterogeneity, and endogenous timing of diabetes screening. Timely diagnosis appears important. We evaluate the effectiveness of two potential policies to reduce the monetary costs of frequent screening in terms of lost longevity. Compared to the status quo, the more res...
-
作者：Kohn, David; Leibovici, Fernando; Szkup, Michal
作者单位：Universidad Torcuato Di Tella; York University - Canada; University of British Columbia
摘要：This article studies the role of financial frictions as a barrier to international trade. We study new exporter dynamics to identify how these frictions affect export decisions. We introduce a borrowing constraint and working capital requirements into a standard model of international trade, with exports more working capital intensive than domestic sales. Our model can quantitatively account for new exporter dynamics in contrast to a model with sunk export entry costs. We provide additional ev...
-
作者：Chugh, Sanjay K.; Merkl, Christian
作者单位：University System of Ohio; Ohio State University; Leibniz Association; Institut fur Weltwirtschaft an der Universitat Kiel (IFW); University of Erlangen Nuremberg; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：This article characterizes efficient labor market allocations in a labor selection model. The model's crucial aspect is cross-sectional heterogeneity for new job contacts, which leads to an endogenousselection threshold for new hires. With cross-sectional dispersion calibrated to microeconomic data, 40% of empirically relevant fluctuations in the job-finding rate arise, which contrasts with results in an efficient search and matching economy. The efficient selection model's results hold in par...
-
作者：Veracierto, Marcelo
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Chicago
摘要：This article introduces and analyzes a Walrasian model of worker flows, job flows, vacancies, and unemployment. Calibrating the model to U.S. data, the article finds that all variables comove with output quite well but that they fluctuate too little. However, the failure is not as bad as in Shimer's puzzle. Interestingly, the article also finds that introducing establishment dynamics into the model, while realistic, is irrelevant for understanding unemployment and vacancy fluctuations: The bus...
-
作者：Chatterjee, Kalyan; Dutta, Bhaskar
作者单位：Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park; University of Warwick
摘要：We analyze a model of diffusion in a fixed, finite connected network. There is an interested party that knows the quality of the product being propagated and chooses an implant in the network to influence other agents to buy. Agents are either innovators, who adopt immediately, or rational. Rational consumers buy if buying instead of waiting maximizes expected utility. We consider the conditions on the network under which optimal diffusion of the good product with probability 1 is a perfect Ba...
-
作者：Santos, Cezar; Weiss, David
作者单位：Getulio Vargas Foundation; Tel Aviv University
摘要：A striking change in American society in the last 40 years has been the decline and delay in marriage. The fraction of young adults who have never been married increased significantly between 1970 and 2000. Idiosyncratic labor income volatility also rose. We establish a quantitatively important link between these facts. If marriage involves consumption commitments, then a rise in income volatility delays marriage. We quantitatively assess this hypothesis vis-a-vis others in the literature. Inc...
-
作者：Okoye, Dozie
作者单位：Dalhousie University
摘要：This article studies the relative productivity of skilled to unskilled workers across countries. Relative productivities are broken down into the human capital embodied in skilled workers and relative physical productivities (reflecting production techniques). I find that skilled workers from poorer countries embody less human capital and are also relatively less physically productive. Furthermore, results show that production techniques are inappropriate for most low-income countries, and the...
-
作者：Sanches, Daniel
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - Philadelphia
摘要：Monetary economists have long recognized a tension between the benefits of fractional reserve banking, such as the ability to undertake more profitable (long-term) investment opportunities, and the difficulties associated with it, such as the risk of insolvency for each bank and the associated losses to bank liability holders. I show that a specific banking arrangement (a joint-liability scheme) provides an effective mechanism for ensuring the ex post transfer of reserves from liquid banks to ...
-
作者：Cahuc, Pierre; Charlot, Olivier; Malherbet, Franck
作者单位：Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris; Ecole Polytechnique; CY Cergy Paris Universite; Institut Polytechnique de Paris; ENSAE Paris; Universite de Rouen Normandie
摘要：This article provides a simple model that explains the choice between permanent and temporary jobs. This model, which incorporates important features of actual employment protection legislations neglected by the economic literature so far, reproduces the main stylized facts about entries into permanent and temporary jobs observed in Continental European countries. We find that job protection has very small effects on total employment but induces large substitution of temporary jobs for permane...
