2021

最新文章

• Colonialism and female empowerment: A two-sided legacy AI翻译
  作者：Guarnieri, Eleonora; Rainer, Helmut
  作者单位：Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; University of Munich; University of Exeter
  摘要：This paper studies the long-term effects of colonialism on women by utilizing a historical natural experiment: the partition of Cameroon into a British and a French colony between 1919 and 1961. The two colonial regimes opened up divergent economic opportunities for women in an otherwise culturally and geographically homoge-neous setting. Women in British territories gained opportunities to earn cash wages under the same conditions as their male counterparts, while the French colonial practice...
• The effect of refugees on native adolescents' test scores: Quasi-experimental evidence from PISA AI翻译
  作者：Tumen, Semih
  作者单位：Ted University; IZA Institute Labor Economics
  摘要：Existing evidence suggests that low-skilled refugee influx may increase educational attainment among native adolescents due to reduced opportunities and returns in the lower segment of the labor market. In this paper, I test whether refugee influx can also increase the intensity of human capital accumulation among native adolescents who are enrolled in school. Using the PISA micro data and implementing a quasi-experimental empirical strategy designed to exploit (i) the time variation in region...
• Testing willingness to pay elicitation mechanisms in the field: Evidence from Uganda AI翻译
  作者：Burchardi, Konrad B.; de Quidt, Jonathan; Gulesci, Selim; Lerva, Benedetta; Tripodi, Stefano
  作者单位：Stockholm University; Trinity College Dublin; Trinity College Dublin; Trinity College Dublin; Stockholm School of Economics; The World Bank; Copenhagen Business School
  摘要：Researchers frequently use variants of the Becker-DeGroot-Marschak (BDM) mechanism to elicit willingness to pay (WTP). These variants involve numerous incentive-irrelevant design choices, some of which carry advantages for implementation but may deteriorate participant comprehension or trust in the mechanism, which are well-known problems with the BDM. We highlight three such features and test them in the field in rural Uganda, a relevant population for many recent applications. Comprehension ...
• A breath of fresh air: Raising awareness for clean fuel adoption* AI翻译
  作者：Afridi, Farzana; Debnath, Sisir; Somanathan, E.
  作者单位：Indian Statistical Institute; Indian Statistical Institute Delhi; Indian Institute of Technology System (IIT System); Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) - Delhi
  摘要：Air pollution is amongst the gravest public health concerns worldwide, and indoor sources are the largest contributors in many developing countries. In our study in central India, we randomly assigned villages to a campaign by rural public health workers to either raise awareness about the adverse health effects of smoke from cooking with solid fuels and measures to mitigate them, or combined health awareness with information on the universal cash-back LPG (liquid petroleum gas) subsidy progra...
• The miseries of sex imbalance: Evidence using subjective well-being data AI翻译
  作者：Li, Wenchao
  作者单位：Tongji University
  摘要：We examine whether parents who have preference for sons and may practice gender selections, are adequately incorporating the implications of their aggregate preference and behavior. Using a nationally representative random sample of Chinese households, we show that facing high sex ratios (more men than women), parents with a son, relative to parents with a daughter, report lower evaluative, emotional, and eudaimonic well-being. We examine the role of reduced consumption, intensified status com...
• Informal institutions and comparative advantage of South-based MNEs: Theory and evidence AI翻译
  作者：Chang, Pao-Li; Chen, Yuting
  作者单位：Singapore Management University; Shanghai University of Finance & Economics
  摘要：This paper builds a theory based on informal institutions to characterize the comparative advantage of Southbased MNEs. MNEs headquartered in countries with poorer state institutions are shown to endogenously invest more in firm-specific institutional capital to compensate for the lack of state institutions, and as an optimal response, undertake FDI in countries with weaker institutions. We conduct an extensive test of the theory using worldwide firm-level greenfield FDI flows during 2009-2016...
• The costs of blue sky: Environmental regulation, technology upgrading, and labor demand in China AI翻译
  作者：Liu, Mengdi; Tan, Ruipeng; Zhang, Bing
  作者单位：University of International Business & Economics; Nanjing University; Nanjing University
  摘要：To cope with the stricter environmental regulation, manufacturing firms need to carry out pollution reduction activities and change their optimal production decisions, which may affect their labor demand. Using a ten-year firm-level panel dataset (1998-2007), we use an estimation technique pairing propensity score matching (PSM) with a difference-in-differences (DID) estimator to examine the impacts of a national air pollution control policy on employment in China. We find that China's Key Cit...
• Body and mind: Experimental evidence from women living with HIV AI翻译
  作者：Lubega, Patrick; Nakakawa, Frances; Narciso, Gaia; Newman, Carol; Kaaya, Archileo N.; Kityo, Cissy; Tumuhimbise, Gaston A.
  作者单位：Makerere University; Trinity College Dublin; Joint Clinical Research Center - United Arab Emirates; Makerere University
  摘要：How should we support marginalized individuals? By providing nutritional support for their body or by supporting their mind and allowing them to see their potential? This paper explores ways to improve the welfare of women living with HIV, by addressing two obstacles that they face: the body and the mind. We use a randomized controlled trial to test the effectiveness of three information-focused treatments: a standard nutritional information campaign, cookery demonstrations and role models. We...
• Weather and population size effects on water and sewer treatment costs: Evidence from Brazil AI翻译
  作者：Danelon, Andre F.; Spolador, Humberto F. S.; Kumbhakar, Subal C.
  作者单位：State University of New York (SUNY) System; Binghamton University, SUNY; Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences
  摘要：The provision of sanitation services generates investments, employment, and income; they contribute to human capital stock accumulation, and, therefore, to economic development. Recent studies suggest that climate change can increase sanitation costs, and it can be a constraint to emerging economies where institutional inefficiencies raise challenges to the universal supply of these services. We combined data of sanitation companies collected by the Brazilian government and the historical weat...
• Refugee camps and deforestation in Sub-Saharan Africa AI翻译
  作者：Salemi, Colette
  作者单位：University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
  摘要：To date, there have been few quasi-experimental efforts to evaluate the impact of refugee camps on host landscapes. Yet many stakeholders believe refugee camps lead to deforestation in nearby areas. I use data on camp locations and years of operation as well as secondary geospatial data to produce a high-resolution panel dataset of 0.01 degrees tiles. My difference-in-difference specification with tile fixed effects exploits variation in camp openings and tile proximity to camps. F-tests on ev...