2023

最新文章

• In-kind transfers, marketization costs and household specialization: Evidence from Indian farmers AI翻译
  作者：Li, Nicholas
  作者单位：Toronto Metropolitan University
  摘要：I examine the effect of in-kind staple transfers on agricultural production in a setting where transactions with markets are costly for households and result in interlinked consumption and production decisions. The expansion of India's Public Distribution system between 1993-2009 led to large variation in the quantity and value of staple grain transfers across households, districts and states. I find that an increase in PDS quantity crowds out consumption from home production and decreases sta...
• Countering misinformation on social media through educational interventions: Evidence from a randomized experiment in Pakistan AI翻译
  作者：Ali, Ayesha; Qazi, Ihsan Ayyub
  作者单位：Lahore University of Management Sciences; Lahore University of Management Sciences
  摘要：Fake news is a growing problem in developing countries with potentially far-reaching consequences. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of two educational interventions to counter misinformation among low digital literacy populations in urban Pakistan using a randomized experiment. We find no evidence that video-based general educational messages about misinformation have any statistically significant impact on the ability to correctly identify news items as true or fake. However, when such ...
• The cost of fear: Impact of violence risk on child health during conflict AI翻译
  作者：Tapsoba, Augustin
  作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Toulouse School of Economics
  摘要：The fear of exposure to conflict events often triggers changes in the behavior of economic agents even before/without any manifestation of violence in a given area. It generates a treatment status (exposure to the adverse effects of conflict) that goes beyond violence incidence. This paper develops a new approach to capture such treatment. Violence is modeled as a space-time stochastic process with an unknown underlying distribution that is backed out of the observed pattern of conflict events...
• Now, Later, or Never? Evidence of the effect of weather shocks on female genital cutting in Sub-Saharan Africa AI翻译
  作者：Mcgavock, Tamara; Novak, Lindsey
  作者单位：Grinnell College; Reed College - Portland
  摘要：We provide the first causal evidence that economic conditions can affect a family's decision to practice female genital cutting (FGC). In a conceptual framework that overlays economic intuition with an extensive review of ethnographic literature, we argue that economic shocks can affect the (perceived) costs and benefits of FGC in multiple ways, and the direction of their impact is unclear a priori. Empirically, on average, families in Sub-Saharan Africa delay or forgo FGC in response to droug...
• Fighting violence against women: The role of female political representation AI翻译
  作者：Bochenkova, Alena; Buonanno, Paolo; Galletta, Sergio
  作者单位：University of Bergamo; Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain; ETH Zurich
  摘要：We investigate the effect of women's political leadership in local government on domestic violence against women. Using a regression discontinuity design, we compare Brazilian municipalities where a female candidate barely won to those where a female candidate barely lost mayoral elections. We find that the presence of a female mayor leads to a 50% average reduction in both the homicide rate and violence against women over a four-year term. These results are not attributable to pre-existing mu...
• Measuring remittances AI翻译
  作者：De Arcangelis, Giuseppe; Fertig, Alexander; Liang, Yuna; Srouji, Peter; Yang, Dean
  作者单位：Sapienza University Rome; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
  摘要：Remittances received by households from international migrants are of interest in an increasing number of microeconomic analyses. Making use of novel data, we measure misreporting of remittances sent by migrants in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to remittance recipients in the Philippines. We obtained administrative transaction data from a sample of Filipino migrants who were clients of a popular money transfer operator (MTO). We then surveyed these migrants as well as their primary remittance...
• Early childhood exposure to health insurance and adolescent outcomes: Evidence from rural China AI翻译
  作者：Huang, Wei; Liu, Hong
  作者单位：Peking University; National University of Singapore; Renmin University of China
  摘要：This paper examines the impact of exposure to public health insurance in early life on outcomes in adolescence in rural China. Exploiting the variation in the county-by-county rollout of the New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS) between 2003 and 2008, we find that exposure to the NCMS during ages 0-5 significantly improves health, cognitive, and educational outcomes during adolescence. In contrast, exposure after age five has no significant effects. Our further investigation provides evidence ...
• On track or not? Projecting the global Multidimensional Poverty Index AI翻译
  作者：Alkire, Sabina; Nogales, Ricardo; Quinn, Natalie Nairi; Suppa, Nicolai
  作者单位：University of Oxford; University of Oxford; Autonomous University of Barcelona; Centre d'Estudis Demografics (CED)
  摘要：This paper proposes a framework for modelling projections of multidimensional poverty. We use recently published repeated observations of multidimensional poverty, based on time-consistent indicators, for 75 countries. We consider and evaluate different approaches to model these countries' trajectories of poverty reduction. Our preferred model respects theoretical bounds, is supported by empirical evidence, and ensures consistency of our main measure with its subindices. In our empirical analy...
• Firms amid conflict: Performance, production inputs, and market competition✩ AI翻译
  作者：Del Prete, Davide; Di Maio, Michele; Rahman, Aminur
  作者单位：Parthenope University Naples; Sapienza University Rome; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Asian Development Bank
  摘要：We study the effect of conflict on firms' economic performance and the underlying mechanisms. We develop a simple theoretical framework in which conflict reduces a firm's output, induces input substitution, and increases firms' exit. In our empirical analysis, we combine an original dataset of Libyan firms and geolocalized data on conflict events during the Second Libyan Civil War to show that, in line with the predictions of the model, conflict reduces a firm's revenues and increases exit, re...
• The fruits (and vegetables) of crime: Protection from theft and agricultural development AI翻译
  作者：Dyer, Julian
  作者单位：University of Exeter
  摘要：Fear of crime is a concern in developing countries where rule of law is imperfectly enforced. I use a cluster -randomized field experiment in Kenya to show that reducing fear of theft allows small-scale farmers to adjust their planting and time use decisions, as well as increasing crop yields. I randomly allocated subsidized watchmen to farmers in Kenya, reducing their perceived risk of theft. Farmers offered watchmen were 14 p.p. more likely to have crops they grew for the first time or grew ...