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作者：Rehman, Obeid Ur
作者单位：Toronto Metropolitan University
摘要：Do spouses misreport information to each other to influence household decision-making? I analyze this question using a novel field experiment among Filipino migrants in the UAE and their spouses staying behind in the Philippines. Both migrants and their spouses staying behind have biased beliefs about each other's finances. By experimentally varying spousal observability of reported information, I show that spouses staying behind underreport their income by 31 percent when it is observable to ...
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作者：Berniell, Ines; Gasparini, Leonardo; Marchionni, Mariana; Viollaz, Mariana
作者单位：Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：This paper assesses gender differences in the effects of adverse conditions at labor-market entry in a developing region. Using harmonized microdata from national household surveys for 15 Latin American countries, we build a synthetic panel of cohorts that potentially transition from school to work and observe their labor market outcomes 10 years later. We find that men who faced higher unemployment rates at ages 18-20 suffer a negative effect on employment at ages 27-30. In contrast, women fr...
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作者：Geng, Xin; Janssens, Wendy; Kramer, Berber
作者单位：SAS Institute Inc; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam; Tinbergen Institute
摘要：Limited access to reliable financial instruments makes it difficult for rural households to manage daily cash flows. Selling goods through cooperatives can improve savings, but cooperative income is not easily accessible when facing an emergency. Cash-constrained households may therefore side-sell in local markets that pay on the spot, while insurance could reduce the need to side-sell. We test these hypotheses using panel data for farmers from two Kenyan dairy cooperatives. Both cooperatives ...
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作者：Xie, Tingting; Yuan, Ye
作者单位：Central University of Finance & Economics; Peking University
摘要：This paper assesses the spatial effects of environmental regulations on economic activities. By exploiting the progressive rollout of a national pollution control program in China, which constructed a monitoring network that covered the urban center of every city, we find that polluting firms located in the unmonitored upwind region of the city experienced a substantially larger reduction in output than non-upwind firms after the program. Because the wind can transport upwind pollution emissio...
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作者：Wu, Mingqin; Yu, Linhui; Zhang, Junsen
作者单位：South China Normal University; Zhejiang University
摘要：This paper exploits the rapid expansion of China's road infrastructure in the 2000s to empirically investigate the pro-competitive effect of transport infrastructure via the allocative efficiency channel. Dispersion of firm markups is used to gauge allocative efficiency of resources. We address the endogenous provincial road length by instrumenting road using a least-cost path route, and deal with the endogenous timing of road construction by using a network theory algorithm to predict road co...
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作者：Augsburg, Britta; Caeyers, Bet; Giunti, Sara; Malde, Bansi; Smets, Susanna
作者单位：Norwegian School of Economics (NHH); University of Milano-Bicocca; University of Kent; The World Bank
摘要：Imperfect capital markets and commitment problems impede lumpy human capital investments. Labeled loans have been postulated as a potential solution to both constraints, but little is known about the role of the label in influencing investment choices in practice. We draw on a cluster randomized controlled trial in rural India to test predictions from a theoretical model, providing novel evidence that labeled microcredit is effective in influencing household borrowing and investment decisions ...
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作者：Jeong, Dahyeon; Aggarwal, Shilpa; Robinson, Jonathan; Kumar, Naresh; Spearot, Alan; Park, David Sungho
作者单位：The World Bank; Indian School of Business (ISB); University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; National Bureau of Economic Research; KDI School of Public Policy & Management
摘要：Living standards measurement surveys require sustained attention for several hours. We quantify survey fatigue by randomizing the order of questions in 2-3 hour-long in-person surveys. An additional hour of survey time increases the probability that a respondent skips a question by 10%-64%. Because skips are more common, the total monetary value of aggregated categories such as assets or expenditures declines as the survey goes on, and this effect is sizeable for some categories: for example, ...
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作者：Cavatorta, Elisa; Zizzo, Daniel John; Daoud, Yousef
作者单位：University of London; King's College London; University of Queensland; Doha Institute for Graduate Studies; Birzeit University
摘要：This paper studies how reciprocity in the forms of conditional cooperation and vindictive behavior is affected by differential exposure to conflict. We use experimental games to measure preferences of adolescents living in the West Bank, and their obligation to cross military checkpoints to go to school as a proxy for differential exposure to the conflict. We find that adolescents who have an obligation to cross military checkpoints to go to school engage in more reciprocal behavior: they more...
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作者：Depaula, Guilherme
作者单位：Iowa State University; Iowa State University
摘要：Technological change in the 1970s and 1980s made it possible to grow soybeans in the remote Brazilian Savanna. However, multiple constraints typical of a developing region prevented many ranchers from adopting soybeans. Following the macroeconomic reforms that opened up the market in Brazil, international traders introduced a new farmer-trader contract that bundled technology, finance, inputs, and market access. The analysis of a novel panel dataset with farm-level census data reveals that thi...
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作者：Jin, Gan
作者单位：University of Freiburg
摘要：This paper examines the long-run effect of the customs institution founded by the Chinese Maritime Customs (CMC), a foreign-run customs agency established in the mid-19th century in China. A historical natural experiment is exploited to identify a causal effect: in 1902, the CMC took over a number of Chinese Native Customs stations, for which it established clear procedural guidelines and improved transparency and efficiency, while the other Native Customs stations remained under Chinese autho...
