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作者：WILSON, LS
作者单位：University of Alberta; University of Essex
摘要：Those familiar with Kenya since independence will know of the importance of the Harambee system. The term Harambee has come to mean the provision of goods, usually social infrastructure, through the voluntary cooperation of members of the community. Provision of public goods in this way is an important alternative to the more normal method, provision through tax finance. Here we compare these two methods of provision with a view towards determining, first, the circumstances under which Harambe...
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作者：ANDERSON, JE; YOUNG, L
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：We characterize the time profile of the optimal consumption tax in a small open economy under foreseen fluctuations in the taste for current consumption, productivity, or external interest rates. We give conditions for the efficient tax to be lowered or raised when productivity rises. Taste fluctuations are parameterized to be equivalent to effective consumption price fluctuations. We give conditions under which the optimal tax rises or falls with the effective price. In contrast, the optimal ...
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作者：RONEN, J
摘要：This paper revisits the transfer pricing scheme proposed by J. Ronen in 1974 (Journal of Public Economics 3, 71-82) and the controversy it gave rise to (T. Groves and M. Loeb, Journal of Public Economics 5, 353 359). The latter suggested that through centralized decisions on commodity transfers, problems they point out in Ronen's decenralized scheme could be alleviated. I establish here that under the Ronen scheme, decentralized divisions within a firm or firms which exchange externalities wit...
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作者：FORTIN, B; LANOIE, P
作者单位：Universite de Montreal; HEC Montreal; Universite de Montreal
摘要：This paper extends the literature on post-injury duration of absence from work by developing a model that incorporates substitution between unemployment insurance benefits and workers' compensation. A theoretical analysis is presented in which the worker maximizes expected utility over four possible states of nature. The model is tested empirically using pooled cross-section and time-series data at the two-digit industry level. The main findings support the predictions of the model: an increas...
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作者：KARP, L; LIVERNOIS, J
作者单位：University of Southampton; University of Guelph
摘要：The problem of using taxes to induce a monopolist supplier of a non-renewable resource to extract efficiently has been solved under the assumption that the government has perfect information about the monopolist's cost function and reserves and is able to precommit to an entire sequence of taxes over time. We extend this literature by constructing an efficiency-inducing tax mechanism that does not require the government to have any information about the cost function or reserves and which does...
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作者：HARRINGTON, JE
摘要：This paper shows that a party can credibly establish a platform more moderate than the ideology of its members and thereby raise the probability that the party's nominee wins the election. A lame duck incumbent optimally implements his party's platform in order to maintain his party's reputation for having a moderate platform. This increases the likelihood that his party retains power. When candidates credibly locate themselves in policy space via this mechanism, we show that if candidates are...
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作者：GANDERTON, PT
摘要：It is possible that government subsidies to higher education, disbursed in kind, can produce the anomalous result of reducing the consumption of the good being subsidized. In this paper, I employ individual and college data to estimate the effect of such subsidies on students' choices of college quality. Empirical estimates from a switching regression model with correction for the joint decisions to apply to college and choose the public or private sector are presented. Predictions from the mo...
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作者：KRELOVE, R
作者单位：International Monetary Fund
摘要：In an economy with multiple governments, each is constrained to raise revenue for public expenditures using distortionary taxes on a directly mobile tax base. A government is said to be competitive if the total cost of its decisions, including the excess burden, is perceived to be internalized. The competitive equilibrium allocations are not constrained efficient in general: there is another set of distortionary taxes and associated public expenditures for which all individuals in the economy ...
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作者：MIRER, TW
摘要：The proper valuation of annuity wealth is important for many empirical studies of economic behavior and the distribution of wealth and well-being. This paper examines Bernheim's argument that the value of Socia Security benefit streams should be determined by simple discounting, rather than by actuarial discounting, when consumers behave according to life-cycle principles. In a model having a more realistic mortality structure than his, we document the poor performance of both methods for a br...
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作者：GERSBACH, H
摘要：In this paper, the allocation of information by a two-stage voting procedure is discussed. We define and analyze the value of public information in this framework. We show that the median voter for the decision on the project is also the median voter on the information decision. Moreover, a majority always prefer the public disclosure of information. From a utilitarian view, the average costs of the project and the tax burden of the informationally indifferent voter determines the social desir...
