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作者：Caplan, AJ; Cornes, RC; Silva, ECD
作者单位：Tulane University; Utah System of Higher Education; Weber State University; Keele University
摘要：We examine the non-cooperative provision of a pure public good by regional governments in a federation similar to the European Union, where regional governments are Stackelberg leaders and the central government is a Stackelberg follower - a federation with decentralized leadership. The center makes interregional income transfers after it observes the contributions to the pure public good. Imperfectly mobile workers react to regional and central governments' policies by establishing residence ...
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作者：Byrne, MM; Thompson, P
作者单位：Baylor College of Medicine; University of Houston System; University of Houston
摘要：We construct a stochastic model of illness, death and treatment choice to analyze two proposals - legally-binding advance directives and insurer-paid compensation schemes - to reduce the incidence of aggressive and possibly futile end-of-life treatment. We assess whether, in a competitive insurance market, the proposals are consistent with (i) individual rationality in selection of competitive insurance contracts; (ii) medically ethical treatment provision, and (iii) reductions in end-of-life ...
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作者：Gollier, C; Jullien, B; Treich, N
作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; INRAE; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; Universite de Montreal
摘要：We consider the problem of the optimal use of a good whose consumption can produce damages in the future. Scientific progress is made over time that provides information on the distribution of the intensity of damages. We show that this progress induces earlier prevention effort only if prudence is larger than twice absolute risk aversion. This paper thus identifies the class of quite restrictive but plausible conditions such that scientific uncertainties justify an immediate reduction of the ...
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作者：Homburg, S
作者单位：Leibniz University Hannover
摘要：According to a widely held belief, compulsory savings are justified on efficiency grounds because they alleviate the following free rider problem: if the welfare state grants a minimum income to older persons, some of the young may find it optimal not to provide for retirement. The literature argues that compulsory savings can be used in order to overcome this problem. However, potential free riders consider compulsory savings as if they were payroll taxes; this holds even if the pension syste...
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作者：Okten, C; Weisbrod, BA
作者单位：Northwestern University
摘要：We estimate the responsiveness of donations to a number of economic variables, including price, advertising, and the availability of revenue from such other sources as government grants and program service sales. Utilizing a set of IRS data on individual nonprofit organizations in each of seven industries including hospitals and higher education - for the years 1982-1994, we find distinct overall patterns as well as notable variation across industries. A nonprofit organization's fundraising ex...
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作者：Barrett, GF
作者单位：University of New South Wales Sydney
摘要：The impact of educational attainment on the duration of welfare spells is analysed using a unique data set derived from the administration of the social assistance program in Canada over the period 1986-1993. The empirical analysis includes controls for demographic characteristics, program parameters, labour market conditions and unobserved individual characteristics. It is found that that educational attainment has a much greater impact on the welfare exit rate for women than for men. Additio...
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作者：Cowen, T; Glazer, A; Zajc, K
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Irvine; George Mason University
摘要：We reexamine the common argument that rules produce greater credibility than discretion. Rules limit the actions of agents, restricting observations of the agents' preferences or types. In a second-best world, where rules cannot be everlasting, a regime of discretion in some periods may produce superior credibility and dominate a regime of rules. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved.
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作者：Corneo, G; Marquardt, M
作者单位：University Osnabruck; University of Bonn
摘要：We develop an overlapping-generations model that highlights the interaction between an unfunded pension program and an unemployment insurance program in the presence of a labor market with union wage-setting. Both programs are financed by earmarked proportional wage taxes levied on firms and their employees. The equilibrium path entails endogenous growth and involuntary unemployment. The presence of spillovers between pension programs and unemployment insurance programs has striking implicatio...
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作者：Montero, JP
作者单位：Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：This paper studies a phase-in emissions trading program with voluntary opt-in possibilities for non-affected firms and derives optimal permits allocations to affected and opt-in firms when the environmental regulator has incomplete information on individual unrestricted emissions and control costs. The regulator faces a trade-off between production efficiency (minimization of control costs) and information rent extraction (reduction of excess permits allocated to opt-in firms). The first-best ...
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作者：Royalty, AB
作者单位：Stanford University; Purdue University System; Purdue University; Purdue University in Indianapolis
摘要：In this paper, I estimate the effect of the tax preference for employer-provided health insurance on the probability that an employee will be eligible for health insurance at work. I instrument for marginal tax rates with state-level state income tax rates and I control for unobservable state effects that could be correlated with the state income tax instrument by comparing the estimated tax effect on employer-provided health insurance, to the tax effect on sick leave, a fringe benefit that do...
