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作者：Myers, GM; Papageorgiou, YY
作者单位：Simon Fraser University; McMaster University; McMaster University
摘要：We examine a model of a rich country with a redistributive public sector and facing costly immigration control. When illegal immigrants have access to the public sector we show that, as border control becomes more expensive, inequality in the rich country increases, redistributive transfers decrease and then may increase, some immigration is permitted and foreign aid may be used to reduce the migration pressure. Because of nonconvexities, we also show that a small increase in the poor country'...
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作者：Baum-Snow, N; Kahn, ME
作者单位：Columbia University; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York
摘要：Many US cities invest in large public transit projects in order to reduce private vehicle dependence and to reverse the downward trend in public transit use. Using a unique panel data set for five major cities that upgraded their rail transit systems in the 1980s, we estimate new rail transit's impact on usage and housing values, using distance as a proxy for transit access. New rail transit has a small impact on usage and housing values. This impact is enough to represent tangible benefits of...
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作者：Bontems, P; Bourgeon, JM
作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole; INRAE; Universite Paris Nanterre
摘要：We analyze the relative efficiency of output and input incentive schemes in an agency model under adverse selection. Depending on the marginal rate of substitution between effort and productivity, two cases of note may appear. In the first one, both incentive schemes imply the same ranking of agents regarding the productivity parameter. In that case, one instrument always dominates the other one, whatever the agent's type. In the second case, the two schemes produce reverse rankings and the pr...
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作者：Gary-Bobo, RJ; Jaaidane, T
作者单位：CY Cergy Paris Universite; Institut Universitaire de France; Universitat d'Alacant
摘要：We consider a revelation mechanism for the production of public goods. A sample of consumers is drawn at random. Each member of the sample is asked to reveal her(his) preferences; agents are subjected to transfers of the Groves class; and any surplus of taxes collected on sampled agents is redistributed to non-sampled agents. This polling mechanism is non-parametric, revealing in dominant strategies, budget balanced, and approximately efficient if the consumer population is large. When applied...
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作者：Shea, J
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park
摘要：This paper asks whether parents' income per se has a positive impact on children's abilities. Previous research has established that income is positively correlated across generations. This does nor. prove that parents' money matters, however, since income is presumably correlated with ability. This paper estimates the impact of parents' income by focusing on income variation due to factors - union, industry, and job loss - that arguably represent luck. I find that changes in parents' income d...
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作者：Tian, GQ
作者单位：Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station
摘要：This paper considers the incentive aspect of the Balanced Linear Cost Share Equilibrium (BLCSE), which yields an endogenous theory of profit distribution for public goods economies with convex production technologies. We do so by presenting an incentive compatible mechanism which doubly implements the BLCSE solution in Nash and strong Nash equilibria so that Nash allocations and strong Nash allocations coincide with BLCSE allocations. The mechanism presented here allows not only preferences an...
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作者：Brueckner, JK
作者单位：University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：This paper analyzes a Tiebout/tax-competition model, where heterogeneity of consumer preferences is introduced into a standard tax-competition framework. Following the modern Tiebout tradition, consumer sorting in the model is achieved through the activities of profit-maximizing community developers. Once sorting is achieved, the equilibrium is equivalent to that in a standard tax-competition model with immobile, but heterogeneous, consumers. A principal lesson of the analysis is that, under c...
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作者：Gruber, J
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：While there has been considerable research on the disincentive effects of cash welfare under the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program, there is Little evidence on the benefits of the program for single mothers and their children. One potential benefit of this program is that it provides short-run consumption insurance for women at the point that they become single mothers. This is only true, however, to the extent that the program is not crowding out other sources of support,...
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作者：Souleles, NS
作者单位：University of Pennsylvania
摘要：Despite the high cost of college, there has been little study of the adequacy of household savings and other resources available to fund college. To gauge their adequacy this paper examines households' standard of living as they pay for college. Using the Consumer Expenditure Survey, the main finding is that households appear to do a relatively good job smoothing their consumption into the academic year, despite large expenses. This is consistent with the Life-Cycle Theory of saving and consum...
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作者：Gaube, T
作者单位：University of Bonn
摘要：It is often argued that the optimal level of public good provision is below the first-best level as long as the government's expenditures have to be financed by distortionary taxes. I examine this hypothesis and show that it is correct in a representative consumer economy if (i) the public good is normal, and (ii) private commodities are normal and gross substitutes. Otherwise, counterexamples can be constructed. These results hold also with heterogeneous households provided that equity consid...
