3期

最新文章

• Early childhood nutrition and academic achievement: A longitudinal analysis AI翻译
  作者：Glewwe, P; Jacoby, HG; King, EM
  作者单位：The World Bank; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities
  摘要：Many policymakers propose early childhood nutrition programs as a way to increase students' academic achievement. This paper investigates the nutrition-learning nexus using a unique longitudinal data set that follows a large sample of Filipino children from birth until the end of their primary education. We find that better nourished children perform significantly better in school, partly because they enter school earlier and thus have more time to learn but mostly because of greater learning ...
• Taxpayer response to an increased probability of audit: evidence from a controlled experiment in Minnesota AI翻译
  作者：Slemrod, J; Blumenthal, M; Christian, C
  作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; University of St Thomas Minnesota; Arizona State University; Arizona State University-Tempe
  摘要：In 1995 a group of 1724 randomly selected Minnesota taxpayers was informed by letter that the returns they were about to file would be 'closely examined'. Compared to a control group that did not receive this letter, low and middle-income taxpayers in the treatment group on average increased tax payments compared to the previous year, which we interpret as indicating the presence of noncompliance. The effect was much stronger for those with more opportunity to evade; in fact, the difference in...
• The effect of marginal tax rates on taxable income: a panel study of the 1988 tax flattening in Canada AI翻译
  作者：Sillamaa, MA; Veall, MR
  作者单位：McMaster University; Statistics Canada
  摘要：Federal tax reform in 1988 flattened the Canadian personal income tax schedule, changing the marginal tax rates for many individuals. Using methods similar to those applied by Auten and Carroll [Rev. Econ. 81(4) (1999) 681] in the study of the effects of the 1986 U.S. Tax Reform Act, we estimate the responsiveness of income to changes in taxes to be substantially smaller in Canada. However we find evidence of a much higher response in self-employment income, in the labor income of seniors and ...
• On optimal non-linear taxation and public good provision in an overlapping generations economy AI翻译
  作者：Pirttilä, J; Tuomala, M
  作者单位：Tampere University; Bank of Finland
  摘要：Using the self-selection approach to tax analysis within an OLG framework, the paper examines optimal non-linear labour and capital income taxation and the provision of a durable public good. Under endogenous wages, the marginal tax rules depend on the influence of the tax instruments on self-selection and on the income earning abilities of the households. In particular, we found that production inefficiency occurs in the model, justifying capital income taxation. For the public good, the pape...
• Inefficient equilibria in lobbying AI翻译
  作者：Kirschsteiger, G; Prat, A
  作者单位：Tilburg University; University of Vienna; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
  摘要：Lobbying is often represented as a common agency game. Common agency games typically have multiple equilibria. One class of equilibria, called truthful, has been identified by Bernheim and Whinston [Quarterly Journal of Economics 1986;101(1):1-31]. In this paper, we identify another class of equilibria, which we call natural, in which each principal offers a positive contribution on at most one alternative. We run an experiment on a common agency game for which the two equilibria predict a dif...
• Information aggregation in debate: who should speak first? AI翻译
  作者：Ottaviani, M; Sorensen, P
  作者单位：University of London; University College London; University of London; University College London; University of Copenhagen
  摘要：Privately informed individuals speak openly in front of other members of a committee about the desirability of a public decision. Each individual wishes to appear well informed. For any given order of speech, committee members may herd by suppressing their true information. With individuals of heterogeneous expertise, optimizing over the order of speech can improve the extraction of information, but not perfectly so. It is not always optimal to use the common anti-seniority rule whereby expert...
• Education and saving: The long-term effects of high school financial curriculum mandates AI翻译
  作者：Bernheim, BD; Garrett, DM; Maki, DM
  作者单位：Stanford University; National Bureau of Economic Research; Federal Reserve System - USA
  摘要：Over the last 40 years, a majority of stares have adopted consumer education policies, and a sizable minority have mandated that high school students receive instruction on topics related to household financial decision-making. In this paper, we attempt to determine whether these mandates have had any effect on subsequent decisions. We exploit the variation in requirements both across states and over time to identify the effects of interest. The evidence indicates that mandates have raised bot...
• Job additionality and deadweight spending in perfectly competitive industries: the case for optimal employment subsidies AI翻译
  作者：Picard, PM
  作者单位：University of Manchester
  摘要：This paper links the old literature on employment subsidies with the current theories of contract and regulation. One important source of inefficiency of employment subsidies is non-additional employment and deadweight spending which occur when private firms receive a subsidy for jobs that would have been created without the subsidy. We identify the asymmetry of information between the government and the private firm as the source of these problems. When the government proposes optimal incenti...
• Catching the agent on the wrong foot:: ex post choice of monitoring AI翻译
  作者：Khalil, F; Lawarrée, J
  作者单位：University of Washington; University of Washington Seattle
  摘要：In a principal-agent model with multiple performance measures, we show that the principal benefits by choosing ex post which variables will be monitored. If it is too costly for one type of agent to mimic all performance measures expected from another type, the principal can hope to catch the agent on the wrong foot if the agent tries to misrepresent his type. For cases of small asymmetry of information, the principal can implement the first best contract. For more serious asymmetries of infor...
• Legislative organization and government spending: cross-country evidence AI翻译
  作者：Bradbury, JC; Crain, WM
  作者单位：George Mason University; University System of Georgia; North Georgia College & State University
  摘要：The Law of 1/n posits that an increase in the number of elected representatives fuels excessive government spending. Despite its wide acceptance as a stylized fact, the Law of 1/n has received only limited empirical scrutiny, and the existing evidence for the American States provides mixed support for the thesis. This paper examines the Law of I In in bicameral and unicameral legislative structures using a cross-section of democratic countries. The results indicate that legislative size matter...