-
作者：Chamley, C
作者单位：Boston University
摘要：The theorem of zero taxation of capital income is reexamined and is shown to hinge critically on the assumptions of a long horizon and perfect markets for the inter-temporal allocation of resources. The theorem does not hold when borrowing constraints prevent individuals from insuring against idiosyncratic shocks and have a precautionary motive for savings. Structural assumptions are made such that with no taxation, aggregate savings are socially 'excessive' in the long-run, i.e. the rate of r...
-
作者：Laitner, J; Ohlsson, H
作者单位：University of Gothenburg; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：This paper reviews four well-known theoretical models of private bequest behavior, notes their differing implications for public policy, and discusses a way of empirically discriminating among them. Then it implements the test with micro data from Sweden (LLS) and the U.S. (PSID). The so-called altruistic (or dynastic) model, which, among the four models, has perhaps the most wide-ranging implications for policy, receives some support. The sign pattern is as the model predicts, while the magni...
-
作者：Pecorino, P
作者单位：University of Alabama System; University of Alabama Tuscaloosa
摘要：Olson (1965) argues that some large groups can overcome the free-rider problem through by-product lobbying. The by-product firm sells a private good to potential members of the interest group and finances lobbying with its profits. Others argue that by-product lobbying firms cannot survive competition with for-profit firms, since this would compete away monopoly rents, leaving the firm unable to lobby. In a model of monopolistic competition, I show that the by-product firm can enter the market...
-
作者：Lockwood, B
作者单位：University of Warwick; University of Warwick
摘要：This paper proposes a general framework for analysing commodity tax competition under destination and origin principles, based on three possible tax spillovers, the consumer price spillover, the producer price/terms of trade spillover, and rent spillovers. A model is presented which can be extended to accommodate all three spillovers. Using this model, many of the results in the existing Literature can be derived, compared, and extended. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science BN. All rights reserved.
-
作者：Blomquist, S; Eklöf, M; Newey, W
作者单位：Uppsala University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
摘要：This paper evaluates the tax reform carried out in Sweden between 1980 and 1991. We use a recently developed non-parametric estimation technique to account for the labor supply responses of married prime aged males. We decompose the tax reform to study how the separate components influence hours of work, tax revenue, and income distribution. We find that the decrease in marginal tax rates stimulated labor supply but that the other parts of the reform counteracted this effect. The net increase ...
-
作者：Demirgüç-Kunt, A; Huizinga, H
作者单位：Tilburg University; The World Bank
摘要：Using bank level data for 80 countries in the 1988-1995 period, this paper examines taxation of domestic and foreign-owned banks. The profitability of foreign banks is found to rise relatively little with their domestic tax burden, perhaps reflecting the availability of foreign tax credits and profit shifting opportunities. The paper also examines whether domestic and foreign banks pay different amounts of domestic tax. Taxes paid by foreign banks are shown to rise relatively little with the l...
-
作者：Grilo, I; Shy, O; Thisse, JF
作者单位：Universite de Lille; University of Haifa; Universite Catholique Louvain
摘要：It has long been recognized that the pleasure of consuming a good may be affected by the consumption choice of other consumers. In some cases, social pressures may lead to conformity; in some others, individuals may feel the need of exclusiveness under the form of vanity. Such externalities have proven to be important in several markets. However, the market implication of these externalities are still unclear. To investigate them, we propose to combine the consumption externality model and the...
-
作者：Cremer, H; Gahvari, F
作者单位：Universite de Toulouse; Universite de Toulouse; Institut Universitaire de France; University of Illinois System; University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
摘要：This paper studies the problem of the design of an integrated system of second-best emission and output taxes in a model where production costs are negatively correlated with their emissions. It shows that (i) the first-best Pigouvian rule (of equating the marginal private benefit of emissions in production to the marginal social damage of emissions) must be modified in the second best, (ii) implementation of the modified Pigouvian rule requires all firms to face the same marginal emission tax...
-
作者：Pestieau, P; Poterba, J
-
作者：Gustman, AL; Steinmeier, TL
作者单位：Dartmouth College; Texas Tech University System; Texas Tech University
摘要：This paper uses earnings histories from the Social Security Administration, linked to the survey responses for participants in the Health and Retirement Study, to investigate redistribution under the current social security benefit formula. As advertised, own benefits are significantly redistributed from individuals with high to those with low lifetime earnings. However, redistribution is roughly halved when spouse and survivor benefits are taken into account and redistribution is measured amo...
