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作者：Simon, KI
作者单位：Cornell University
摘要：The past decade witnessed major changes in state laws governing the sale of health insurance to small employers. States took measures to restrict insurers' ability to distinguish between high and low-risk customers because of concern about the low rate of coverage among workers in small firms, the high prices in the small-group market and the absence of federal health reform. Using both individual-level and employer-level data, I test predictions about the effect of reforms on the employer-pro...
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作者：Bramoullé, Y; Olson, LJ
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; Universite de Toulouse; Universite Toulouse 1 Capitole
摘要：This paper examines how learning by doing affects the allocation of pollution abatement between heterogeneous technologies over time. The optimal policy balances current abatement costs against reductions in future costs and infant technologies may be preferred to mature technologies despite greater initial costs. We characterize when a technological winner might emerge and we identify conditions under which optimal abatement is shared across all technologies. Pigouvian taxes can implement the...
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作者：Cox, D; Stark, O
作者单位：University of Bonn; Boston College; University of Klagenfurt; University of Vienna; University of Warsaw
摘要：It is argued that parents provide help with housing downpayments in order to encourage the production of grandchildren, and that such a subsidization emanates from the demonstration effect: a child's propensity to furnish parents with attention and care can be conditioned by parental example. Parents who desire such transfers in the future have an incentive to make transfers to their own parents in order to instill appropriate preferences in their children. This generates a derived demand for ...
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作者：Lakdawalla, D; Zanjani, G
作者单位：RAND Corporation; National Bureau of Economic Research; Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York
摘要：This paper investigates the rationale for public intervention in the terrorism insurance market. It argues that government subsidies for terror insurance have the effect of discouraging self-protection and limiting the negative externalities associated with self-protection. Cautious self-protective behavior by a target can hurt public goods like national prestige if it is seen as giving in' to the terrorists, and may increase the loss probabilities faced by others by encouraging terrorists to ...
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作者：Ortega, F
作者单位：Pompeu Fabra University
摘要：A reason why immigration policy is such a contended issue is that often immigrants end up obtaining the right to vote and, hence, may affect future policies. This paper offers a dynamic, general equilibrium model of immigration policy. In each period, a heterogeneously skilled population chooses an immigration policy by majority vote. Voters anticipate that immigration affects the skill premium and the skill composition of the electorate. The main insight is the existence of a trade-off betwee...
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作者：Crocker, KJ; Slemrod, J
作者单位：University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE); Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University - University Park
摘要：This paper examines corporate tax evasion in the context of the contractual relationship between the shareholders of a firm and a tax manager who possesses private information regarding the extent of legally permissible reductions in taxable income, and who may also undertake illegal tax evasion. Using a costly state falsification framework, we characterize formally the optimal incentive compensation contract for the tax manager and, in particular, how the form of that contract changes in resp...
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作者：Braid, RM
作者单位：Wayne State University
摘要：This paper presents a theoretical model with tax exporting due to external ownership of a fraction theta of the land in each local jurisdiction. There are n local jurisdictions in a metropolitan area (n >= 1) and many metropolitan areas in a world economy. The paper examines the usage of business property taxes and source-based wage taxes by local jurisdictions, first in the presence of and then in the absence of residence-based lump-sum taxes, and how this depends on theta and n. The paper th...
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作者：Donaldson, D; Pendakur, K
作者单位：University of British Columbia; Simon Fraser University
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作者：Kugler, M; Verdierb, T; Zenou, Y
作者单位：University of Southampton; Research Institute of Industrial Economics (IFN); Le Mans Universite
摘要：We analyze an oligopoly model in which differentiated criminal organizations globally compete on criminal activities and engage in local corruption to avoid punishment. When bribing costs are low, that is badly-paid and dishonest law enforcers work in a weak governance environment, and the rents from criminal activity are sufficiently high, we find that increasing policing and sanctions can generate higher crime rates. Indeed, beyond a threshold, further increases in intended expected punishme...
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作者：Anbarci, N; Escaleras, M; Register, CA
作者单位：State University System of Florida; Florida Atlantic University; State University System of Florida; Florida International University
摘要：To say that the level of fatalities resulting from an earthquake is inversely related to a country's per capita level of income is hardly novel. What makes our approach novel is that we relate fatalities to both per capita income and the level of inequality that exists within a country through their joint impact on the likelihood of collective action being taken to mitigate the destructive potential of quakes. We first develop a theoretical model which offers an explanation as to why, in some ...
