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作者：Blumkin, Tomer; Margalioth, Yoram; Sadka, Efraim
作者单位：Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Tel Aviv University; Tel Aviv University
摘要：We consider a model of prejudice-driven discrimination, where the advantaged 'tall' discriminate against the disadvantaged 'short'. We employ an egalitarian social welfare function to compare anti-discrimination legal rules with a non-discriminatory ('height-blind') income tax. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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作者：Gorodnichenko, Yuriy; Peter, Klara Sabirianova
作者单位：University System of Georgia; Georgia State University; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：This study provides the first systematic measure of bribery using micro-level data on reported earnings, household spending and asset holdings. We use the compensating differential framework and the estimated sectoral gap in reported earnings and expenditures to identify the size of unobserved (unofficial) compensation (i.e., bribes) of public sector employees. In the case of Ukraine, we find that public sector employees receive 24-32% less wages than their private sector counterparts. The gap...
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作者：Fullerton, Don; Heutel, Garth
作者单位：University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：We study the distributional effects of a pollution tax in general equilibrium, with general forms of substitution where pollution might be a relative complement or substitute for labor or for capital in production. We find closed form solutions for pollution, output prices, and factor prices. Various special cases help clarify the impact of differential factor intensities, substitution effects, and output effects. Intuitively, the pollution tax might place disproportionate burdens on capital i...
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作者：Knight, Brian
作者单位：Brown University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：This paper tests for the capitalization of policy platforms into equity prices using a sample of 70 firms favored under Bush or Gore platforms during the 2000 U.S. Presidential Election. Two sources of daily data during the six months leading up to the election are incorporated: firm-specific equity returns and the probability of a Bush victory as implied by prices from the Iowa Electronic Market. For this group of politically sensitive firms, the daily baseline estimates demonstrate that plat...
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作者：Friesen, Jane; Krauth, Brian
作者单位：Simon Fraser University
摘要：A student's peers are often thought to influence his or her educational outcomes. If so, an unequal distribution of advantaged and disadvantaged students across schools (sorting) in a community will amplify existing inequalities. This paper explores the relationship between the degree of sorting across schools within a community and educational inequality as measured by the variance of standardized high school exam scores within the community. Cross-sectional OLS estimates suggest that the var...
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作者：Hanushek, Eric A.; Kain, John F.; Rivkin, Steven G.; Branch, Gregory F.
作者单位：Stanford University; University of Texas System; University of Texas Dallas; Amherst College; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：Charter schools have become a very popular instrument for reforming public schools, because they expand choices, facilitate local innovation, and provide incentives for the regular public schools while remaining under public control. Despite their conceptual appeal, analysis has been hindered by the selective nature of their student populations. This paper investigates the quality of charter schools in Texas in terms of mathematics and reading achievement and finds that average school quality ...
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作者：Drazen, Allan; Limao, Nuno; Stratmann, Thomas
作者单位：University System of Maryland; University of Maryland College Park; George Mason University
摘要：The perceived importance of special interest group money in election campaigns motivates widespread use of caps on allowable contributions. We present a bargaining model in which the effect of a cap that is not too stringent on the amount a lobby can contribute improves its bargaining position relative to the politician. It thus increases the payoff from lobbying, which will therefore increase the equilibrium number of lobbies when lobby formation is endogenous. Caps may then also increase agg...
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作者：Sheshinski, E.
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作者：Barankay, Iwan; Lockwood, Ben
作者单位：University of Warwick; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK; University of Warwick
摘要：Advocates of fiscal decentralization argue that among other benefits, it can increase the efficiency of delivery of government services. This paper is one of the first to evaluate this claim empirically by looking at the association between expenditure decentralization and the productive efficiency of government using a data set of Swiss cantons. We first provide careful evidence that expenditure decentralization is a powerful proxy for legal local autonomy. Further panel regressions of Swiss ...
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作者：Breuille, Marie-Laure; Gary-Bobo, Robert J.
作者单位：heSam Universite; Universite Pantheon-Sorbonne; Paris School of Economics; Universite Paris Nanterre; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Centre for Economic Policy Research - UK
摘要：In the present article, Tiebout meets Laffont and Tirole in the land of fiscal federalism. A non-trivial Principal-Multi-Agent model is used to characterize the optimal intergovernmental grant schedule, when the cost of local public goods depends on hidden characteristics and actions of local governments, and under citizen free mobility. We show how informational rents, landlords' interests, and citizen mobility interact to produce distortions at both ends of the type space: in particular the ...
