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作者：Becker, Gary S.; Murphy, Kevin M.; Spenkuch, Joerg L.
作者单位：University of Chicago; Northwestern University
摘要：We consider the link between parents' influence over the preferences of children, parental investments in children's human capital, and children's support of elderly parents. It may pay for parents to spend resources to manipulate children's preferences in order to induce them to support their parents in old age. Since parents invest more in children when they expect greater support, manipulation of child preferences may end up helping children and parents. A new result, which we call the Rott...
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作者：Brown, Meta; Setren, Elizabeth; Topa, Giorgio
作者单位：Federal Reserve System - USA; Federal Reserve Bank - New York; Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：Using a new firm-level data set that includes explicit information on referrals by current employees, we investigate the hiring process and the relationships among referrals, match quality, wage trajectories, and turnover for a single US corporation and test various predictions of theoretical models of labor market referrals. We find that referred candidates are more likely to be hired; experience an initial wage advantage, which dissipates over time; and have longer tenure in the firm. Furthe...
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作者：Mueller, Andreas I.; Rothstein, Jesse; von Wachter, Till M.
作者单位：Columbia University; National Bureau of Economic Research; IZA Institute Labor Economics; University of California System; University of California Berkeley; University of California System; University of California Los Angeles
摘要：Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) awards rise during recessions. If marginal applicants are able to work but unable to find jobs, countercyclical Unemployment Insurance (UI) benefit extensions may reduce SSDI uptake. Exploiting UI extensions in the Great Recession as a source of variation, we find no indication that expiration of UI benefits causes SSDI applications and can rule out effects of meaningful magnitude. A supplementary analysis finds little overlap between the two program...
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作者：Cowan, Benjamin W.
作者单位：Washington State University
摘要：I develop a model in which individual time discount rates have a larger effect on human capital accumulation when credit constraints are binding. Impatient individuals obtain less schooling when borrowing constraints limit the ability to finance consumption during school. Using data from the NLSY79, I show that self-reported measures of time preferences have a significantly higher effect on the college attendance decisions of blacks than those of whites and the decisions of low-income youths t...
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作者：Oyer, Paul
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作者：Acemoglu, Daron; Autor, David; Dorn, David; Hanson, Gordon H.; Price, Brendan
作者单位：Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT); National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Zurich; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR); University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Even before the Great Recession, US employment growth was unimpressive. Between 2000 and 2007, the economy gave back the considerable employment gains achieved during the 1990s, with a historic contraction in manufacturing employment being a prime contributor to the slump. We estimate that import competition from China, which surged after 2000, was a major force behind both recent reductions in US manufacturing employment and-through input-output linkages and other general equilibrium channels...
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作者：Cortes, Guido Matias
作者单位：University of Manchester
摘要：This paper presents a theoretical and empirical analysis of the effects of routine-biased technical change on occupational transition patterns and wage changes of individual workers using a general equilibrium model with endogenous sorting of workers into occupations. Consistent with the predictions of the model, data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics show strong evidence of selection on ability in the occupational mobility patterns of routine workers, a significant fall in the wage prem...
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作者：Prendergast, Canice
作者单位：University of Chicago
摘要：This paper's interest is in understanding how bureaucracies should respond to their clients. I claim that because many services are not priced, the responses of bureaucracies to their clients will often be the opposite of the reactions of normal firms. Specifically, bureaucracies ignore the most credible complaints from clients, provide the poorest service to clients who value the service most, and require the most red tape for clients who already know their needs.
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作者：Lazear, Edward P.; Shaw, Kathryn L.; Stanton, Christopher
作者单位：Stanford University; Stanford University; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：Why did productivity rise during recent recessions? One possibility is that average worker quality increased. A second is that each incumbent worker produced more. The second effect is termed making do with less. Using data from 2006 to 2010 on individual worker productivity from a large firm, these effects can be measured and separated. For this firm, most of the gain in productivity during the recession was a result of increased effort. Additionally, the increase in effort is correlated with...
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作者：Hensvik, Lena; Skans, Oskar Nordstrom
作者单位：Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; Uppsala University; IZA Institute Labor Economics
摘要：We provide a direct empirical test of Montgomery's 1991 notion that firms hire workers through social ties of productive employees as these workers know others with high unobserved productivity. We focus on coworker networks and show that firms recruit workers with better military draft test scores but shorter schooling when hiring previous colleagues of current employees, suggesting that firms use these networks to attract workers with better qualities in hard-to-observe dimensions. Incumbent...
