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作者：Bernal, Noelia; Carpio, Miguel A.; Klein, Tobias J.
作者单位：Universidad del Pacifico Peru; Universidad de Piura; Tilburg University
摘要：In many countries large parts of the population do not have access to health insurance. Peru has made an effort to change this in the early 2000s. The institutional setup gives rise to the rare opportunity to study the effects of health insurance coverage exploiting a sharp regression discontinuity design. We find large effects on utilization that are most pronounced for the provision of curative care. Individuals seeing a doctor leads to increased awareness abbut health problems and generates...
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作者：Eren, Ozkan; Depew, Briggs; Barnes, Stephen
作者单位：Louisiana State University System; Louisiana State University; Utah System of Higher Education; Utah State University
摘要：Over the past decade, several states and school districts have implemented accountability systems that require students to demonstrate a minimum level of proficiency through standardized tests. With many states and school districts ending social promotion, policy makers and researchers have gained renewed interest in the role of grade retention and remedial education in US schools. This paper examines the potential effects of summer school and grade retention on high school completion and juve...
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作者：West, Jeremy; Hoekstra, Mark; Meer, Jonathan; Puller, Steven L.
作者单位：University of California System; University of California Santa Cruz; Texas A&M University System; Texas A&M University College Station; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：A major concern with addressing the negative externalities of gasoline consumption by regulating fuel economy, rather than increasing fuel taxes, is that households respond by driving more. This paper exploits a discrete threshold in the eligibility for Cash for Clunkers to show that fuel economy restrictions lead households to purchase vehicles that have lower cost-per-mile, but are also smaller and lower-performance. Whereas the former effect can increase driving, the latter effect can reduc...
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作者：Shih, Kevin
作者单位：Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
摘要：Recent growth in international enrolhnent at U.S. universities has raised controversy. While critics accuse international students of displacing American students, university administrators have argued that they provide much needed tuition revenue. This paper examines how international students impact domestic enrollment, focusing on a unique boom and bust in international matriculation into U.S. graduate programs from 1995 to 2005. Overall foreign students appear to increase domestic enrollme...
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作者：De Donder, Philippe; Martinez-Mora, Francisco
作者单位：University of Quebec; University of Quebec Montreal; University of Leicester
摘要：We build a political economy model allowing us to shed light on the empirically observed simultaneous increase in university size and participation gap. Parents differ in income and in the ability of their unique child. They vote over the minimum ability level required to attend public universities, which are tuition free and financed by proportional income taxation. Parents can invest in private tutoring to help their child pass the admission test. A university participation gap emerges endog...
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作者：Keen, Michael; Slemrod, Joel
作者单位：International Monetary Fund; University of Michigan System; University of Michigan
摘要：This paper sets out a framework for analyzing optimal interventions by a tax administration, one that parallels and can be closely integrated with established frameworks for thinking about optimal tax policy. Its key contribution is the development of a summary measure of the impact of administrative interventions the enforcement elasticity of tax revenue that is a sufficient statistic for the behavioral response to such interventions, much as the elasticity of taxable income serves as a suffi...
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作者：Laun, Lisa
摘要：I analyze the effect of income tax policy changes on labor force participation of older workers. I exploit two age-targeted policy initiatives to promote work at older ages simultaneously implemented in Sweden in 2007: an earned income tax credit and a payroll tax credit for workers above age 65. Using an age based discontinuity in eligibility criteria, I conduct a difference-in-differences analysis with the reform as an instrument for the net-of-tax rate. I find a participation elasticity wit...
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作者：Cesur, Resul; Gunes, Pinar Mine; Tekin, Erdal; Ulker, Aydogan
作者单位：University of Connecticut; University of Alberta; American University; IZA Institute Labor Economics; National Bureau of Economic Research; Deakin University
摘要：This paper examines the impact of universal, free, and easily accessible primary healthcare on population health as measured by age-specific mortality rates, focusing on a nationwide socialized medicine program implemented in Turkey. The Family Medicine Program (FMP), launched in 2005, assigns each Turkish citizen to a specific state employed family physician who offers a wide range of primary healthcare services that are free-of-charge. Furthermore, these services are provided at family healt...
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作者：Kawamura, Kohei; Vlaseros, Vasileios
作者单位：Waseda University; National & Kapodistrian University of Athens
摘要：This paper shows experimentally that hearing expert opinions can be a double-edged sword for collective decision making. We present a majoritarian voting game of common interest where committee members receive not only private information, but also expert information that is more accurate than private information and observed by all members. In theory, there are Bayesian Nash equilibria where the committee members' voting strategy incorporates both types of information and access to expert inf...
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作者：Jacobs, Bas; Jongen, Egbert L. W.; Zoutrnan, Floris T.
作者单位：Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Tinbergen Institute; Leibniz Association; Ifo Institut; CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH)
摘要：We measure the redistributive preferences of Dutch political parties using unique, detailed information from their election proposals. By employing the inverse optimal-tax method, we calculate the political weights across the income distribution for each political party. We find that all Dutch political parties give a higher political weight to middle incomes than to the poor. Moreover, the political weights of the rich are close to zero. Furthermore, we detect a strong political status quo bi...
