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作者：Jia, Junxue; Liang, Xuan; Ma, Guangrong
作者单位：Renmin University of China
摘要：This study investigates the effect of political hierarchy on regional economic development using evidence from Chongqing's promotion to the level of a province in China. In 1997, the prefecture-level Chongqing city was elevated to a province-level municipality, splitting off from Sichuan province, and it consequently gained a substantial increase in decision-making power for administrative, personnel, and fiscal affairs. The border areas between Chongqing and Sichuan had similar characteristic...
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作者：McKernan, Signe-Mary; Ratcliffe, Caroline; Braga, Breno
作者单位：Urban Institute
摘要：We address a question at the center of many policy debates: how effective is the US safety net? Many existing studies evaluate the effect of one program on economic hardship in isolation, though families typically participate in multiple programs. Using 1992?2011 data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation, our analyses examine the simultaneous effect of participation in three programs, TANF, SNAP, or Medicaid/SCHIP, on a set of outcomes of intrinsic importance?measures of materia...
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作者：Chuan, Amanda; List, John; Samek, Anya
作者单位：Michigan State University; University of Chicago; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of California System; University of California San Diego
摘要：Research has shown that giving disadvantaged families financial incentives to invest in their children could decrease socioeconomic inequality by enhancing human capital formation. Yet, within the household how are such gains achieved? We use a field experiment to investigate how parents allocate time when they receive financial incentives. We find that incentives increase investment in the target child. But, parents achieve these gains by substituting away from time spent with the child's sib...
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作者：Schwab, Thomas; Todtenhaupt, Maximilian
作者单位：University of Munich; Norwegian School of Economics (NHH)
摘要：We analyze how a reduction of the tax rate on corporate income from intellectual property (IP) in one country, known as a patent box regime, affects corporate R&D activity in other countries. Combining data on patents and multinational corporation networks, we show that the cross-border effect of tax policy changes depends on whether co-location of the IP and the underlying R&D activity is required. Patent boxes without such a requirement increase patent output in other countries. Patent boxes...
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作者：Mitman, Kurt; Rabinovich, Stanislav
作者单位：Stockholm University; University of North Carolina; University of North Carolina Chapel Hill
摘要：We investigate the optimal response of unemployment insurance to economic shocks, both with and without commitment. The optimal policy with commitment follows a modified Baily-Chetty formula that accounts for job search responses to future UI benefit changes. As a result, the optimal policy with commitment tends to front-load UI, unlike the optimal discretionary policy. In response to shocks intended to mimic those that induced the COVID-19 recession, we find that a large and transitory increa...
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作者：Fisman, Raymond; Lin, Hui; Sun, Cong; Wang, Yongxiang; Zhao, Daxuan
作者单位：Boston University; Nanjing University; Shanghai University of Finance & Economics; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Renmin University of China
摘要：We examine Chinese cities' COVID-19 reopening plans as a window into governments' economic and social priorities. We measure reopenings based on official government news announcements, and show that these are predicted by citizen discontent, as captured by Baidu searches for terms such as unemployment and protest in the prior week. The effects are particularly strong early in the epidemic, indicating a priority on initiating economic recovery as early as possible. These results indicate that e...
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作者：Burke, Jeremy
作者单位：University of Southern California
摘要：We conduct the first field experiment examining whether prize-linked incentives can be effective in promoting debt reduction by randomizing access among 6,907 borrowers in a debt management plan. We find strong take-up of the program and that takers were timelier with repayment and paid off more debt. However, average treatment effect estimates for on-time payments, programmatic dropout, and debt levels (46.7 dollars, 95% CI = [-$132, $225], control mean = $11,558) are all precise zeros. Our r...
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作者：Dur, Robert; Fleming, Dimitry; van Garderen, Marten; van Lent, Max
作者单位：Erasmus University Rotterdam - Excl Erasmus MC; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Tinbergen Institute; Leiden University - Excl LUMC; Leiden University
摘要：A large fraction of households have very little savings buffer and are therefore vulnerable to financial shocks. This paper examines whether a social norm nudge can induce such households to save more. We ran a large-scale field experiment at a retail bank in the Netherlands. We find that households who are exposed to the social norm nudge click more often on a link to a personal web page where they can start or adjust an automatic savings plan. However, analyzing detailed bank data, we find n...
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作者：Frakes, Michael D.; Wasserman, Melissa F.
作者单位：Duke University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Texas System; University of Texas Austin
摘要：We find strong evidence of peer influence in granting behaviors among patent examiners. In the face of a one standard-deviation increase in the inherent grant rate of her peers, an examiner in her first two years at the Patent Office will experience a 0.15 standard-deviation increase in her own grant rate. Moreover, we document a number of markers suggesting that such influences arise, in part, through knowledge spillovers, as distinct from peer-pressure mechanisms. Finally, drawing on variati...
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作者：Daysal, N. Meltem; Lovenheim, Michael; Siersbaek, Nikolaj; Wasser, David N.
作者单位：University of Copenhagen; IZA Institute Labor Economics; Cornell University; National Bureau of Economic Research
摘要：We estimate the effect of housing price changes on fertility and early-life child health in Denmark. Using rich population register data among women aged 20-44 who own a home, we find that for each 100,000 DKK increase in home prices (equivalent to $12,000), the likelihood of giving birth increases by 0.27 percentage points or 2.35%. These estimates are similar to findings from the US per dollar of home price change, which is surprising given the strong pro-natalist policies and generous gover...
