2023

最新文章

• Pass-through of subsidies to prices under limited competition: Evidence from Canada's Nutrition North program AI翻译
  作者：Galloway, Tracey; Li, Nicholas
  作者单位：University of Toronto; Toronto Metropolitan University
  摘要：We study the pass-through of Canada's Nutrition North food subsidy in remote, mainly Indigenous communities with limited competition. Reforms to the program in 2016 and 2019 provide exogenous changes in retailer marginal costs and we show that on average, retail prices were lowered by 67 cents for every additional dollar of subsidy, well below the full pass-through expected under perfect competition. We can precisely characterize the competitive environment for each community, which is typical...
• Reservations and the politics of fear AI翻译
  作者：Anderson, Siwan; Francois, Patrick
  摘要：Reserving political office for members of a specific, usually disadvantaged, group is a common form of political quota in many parts of the world. This has been shown to improve distributional access in favor of reserved groups, but often conjectured (and shown in some cases) to come at the cost of governance quality. We develop a theoretical model to demonstrate that a political quota can, in contrast, improve governance if it weakens a village leader's hold on power, making them more account...
• Estimating labor supply responses to Danish tax reforms AI翻译
  作者：Sigaard, Hans Schytte
  作者单位：Aarhus University
  摘要：This paper estimates the elasticity of labor supply at the intensive margin by applying the latest estimation strategies from the elasticity of taxable income literature to administrative register data on performed hours of work. Performed hours of work are contract hours plus paid overtime, minus paid absence, vacation, and holiday leave. I estimate elasticities of labor supply at the intensive margin (ELS), labor income (ELI), and taxable income (ETI) of 0.08, 0.06, and 0.1. The results show...
• Provider turf wars and Medicare payment rules AI翻译
  作者：Chen, Alice J.; Munnich, Elizabeth L.; Parente, Stephen T.; Richards, Michael R.
  作者单位：University of Southern California; University of Louisville; University of Minnesota System; University of Minnesota Twin Cities; Baylor University; University of Southern California
  摘要：Barriers to entry and scope of work restrictions are common features of US labor markets, especially within healthcare industries. However, concerns over access and costs of care have encouraged some deregulation. We empirically explore relaxed occupational rules of anesthesia care whereby physician -trained anesthesiologists and certified registered nurse anesthetists (CRNAs) perform overlapping ser-vices but often engage in joint production. After CRNAs were granted practice independence, we...
• Encouragement and distortionary effects of conditional cash transfers AI翻译
  作者：Bryan, Gharad; Chowdhury, Shyamal; Mobarak, Ahmed Mushfiq; Morten, Melanie; Smits, Joeri
  作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Sydney; Yale University; Deakin University; Stanford University; Harvard University
  摘要：Conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs aim to reduce poverty or advance social goals by encouraging desirable behavior that recipients under-invest in. An unintended consequence of conditionality may be the distortion of recipients' behavior in ways that lower welfare. We first illustrate a range of potential distortions arising from CCT programs around the world. We then show that in the simple case where a CCT causes low return participants to select into a behavior, and social returns and...
• Anti-corruption campaign, political connections, and court bias: Evidence from Chinese corporate lawsuits AI翻译
  作者：Zhang, Peng
  作者单位：The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen
  摘要：This paper establishes the presence of political corruption in court and identifies a novel channel-interfering with court decisions-through which local corrupt politicians provide political favors for politically connected firms. Using a unique data set of 11,238 commercial lawsuits involving Chinese listed firms, we examine how China's recent anti-corruption campaign, one of whose goals is to combat political interference in the courts, affects court advantages of politically connected firms...
• The consequences of the Swedish rent control system on labor income: Evidence from a randomized apartment lottery AI翻译
  作者：Ost, Cecilia Enstrom; Johansson, Per
  作者单位：Uppsala University; Uppsala University; Tsinghua University
  摘要：Using a unique randomized rental apartment lottery in Stockholm metropolitan statistical area, this paper analyses behavioral effects on individuals receiving a rent-controlled contract in the Swedish rent control program. The result shows that receiving a rent-controlled contract reduces the annual labor income by 13 to 20 percent and employment by 8 to 13 percent. To some extent, these effects can be explained by an increased propensity to enter higher education.(c) 2023 The Authors. Publish...
• Progressive consumption taxes AI翻译
  作者：da Costa, Carlos E.; Santos, Marcelo R.
  作者单位：Insper; University of Sussex
  摘要：Whether consumption or labor income is progressively taxed is irrelevant to household choices and wel-fare in a static setting. Add dynamics to the problem and these two forms of progressivity have markedly different implications for how earnings vary along the life cycle: in a stylized life-cycle model, the pro-gressive income tax reduces Frisch elasticities of labor supply whereas the progressive consumption tax reduces the elasticity of inter-temporal substitution. We explore the consequenc...
• Doctor switching costs q AI翻译
  作者：Dahl, Gordon B.; Forbes, Silke J.
  作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; National Bureau of Economic Research; Tufts University
  摘要：We exploit a quasi-random health insurance experiment which for some employees increased the price to keep their doctors between $600 to $1900 per year, while holding all other insurance plan character-istics constant. Our setting allows us to identify doctor switching costs separately from inattention, option value and other characteristics. Forty-six percent of individuals are willing to pay the higher premiums to keep their doctors, and these doctor switching costs account for the largest s...
• Affirmative action and the choice of schools AI翻译
  作者：Mello, Ursula
  摘要：Socioeconomic-based affirmative action in higher education has gained importance following controver-sies over race-based alternatives. In many settings, these interventions use a school-based criterion that selects beneficiaries relative to their peers. Exploiting a nationwide quota policy in Brazil that reserved a large share of vacancies in higher education for public-school students, I show that the reform increases movements from private to public schools by 31% and that movers come dispr...