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作者：Attanasio, Orazio; Augsburg, Britta; De Haas, Ralph
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of London; University College London; European Bank of Reconstructon & Development; Tilburg University
摘要：We study theoretically and empirically the demand for microcredit under different liability arrangements and risk environments. A theoretical model shows that the demand for joint-liability loans can exceed that for individual-liability loans when risk-averse borrowers value their long-term relationship with the lender. Joint liability then offers a way to diversify risk and reduce the chance of losing access to future loans. We also show that the demand for loans depends negatively on the ris...
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作者：Brueck, Tilman; Di Maio, Michele; Miaari, Sami H.
作者单位：Leibniz Association; Leibniz Institut fur Gemuse- und Zierpflanzenbau (IGZ); Parthenope University Naples; Tel Aviv University; University of Oxford
摘要：We study the effect of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict on various education outcomes for Palestinian high school students in the West Bank during the Second Intifada (2000-2006). Exploiting within-school variation in the number of conflict-related Palestinian fatalities during the academic year, we show that the conflict reduces the probability of passing the final exam, the total test score, and the probability of being admitted to university. The effect of conflict varies with the type and ...
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作者：Michalopoulos, Stelios; Putterman, Louis; Weil, David N.
作者单位：Brown University
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作者：Deuflhard, Florian; Georgarakos, Dimitris; Inderst, Roman
作者单位：Goethe University Frankfurt; European Central Bank; Deutsche Bundesbank; University of Leicester
摘要：Savings accounts are owned by most households, but little is known about the performance of households' investments. We create a unique dataset by matching information on individual savings accounts from the DNB Household Survey with market data on account-specific interest rates and characteristics. We document heterogeneity in returns across households, which can be partly explained by financial sophistication. A one-standard deviation increase in financial literacy is associated with a 12% ...
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作者：Eyles, Andrew; Machin, Stephen
作者单位：University of London; University College London; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science
摘要：This paper studies the origins of what has become one of the most radical and encompassing programmes of school reform seen in the recent past in advanced countries-the introduction of academy schools to English education. Academies are independent state funded schools that are allowed to run in an autonomous manner outside of local authority control. Almost all academies are conversions from already existent state schools and so are school takeovers that enable more autonomy in operation than...
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作者：Giulietti, Corrado; Tonin, Mirco; Vlassopoulos, Michael
作者单位：University of Southampton; Free University of Bozen-Bolzano
摘要：We examine whether racial discrimination exists in access to public services in the United States. We carry out an email correspondence study in which we pose simple queries to more than 19,000 local public service providers. We find that emails from putatively black senders are almost 4 percentage points less likely to receive an answer compared to emails signed with a white-sounding name. Moreover, responses to queries coming from black names are less likely to have a cordial tone. Further t...
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作者：Gneezy, Uri; Saccardo, Silvia; van Veldhuizen, Roel
作者单位：University of California System; University of California San Diego; University of Amsterdam; Carnegie Mellon University
摘要：We experimentally investigate behavioral drivers of bribery, focusing on the role of self-interest, reciprocity, and moral costs associated with distorting judgment. In our laboratory experiment, two participants compete for a prize; a referee picks the winner. Participants can bribe the referee. When the referee can keep only the winner's bribe, bribes distort her judgment. When the referee keeps the bribes regardless of the winner, bribes no longer influence her decision. An experiment in an...
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作者：Michaels, Guy; Rauch, Ferdinand; Redding, Stephen J.
作者单位：University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; University of Oxford; Princeton University; National Bureau of Economic Research; University of London; London School Economics & Political Science; Center for Economic & Policy Research (CEPR)
摘要：We develop a new methodology for quantifying the tasks undertaken within occupations using over 3,000 verbs from more than 12,000 occupational descriptions in the Dictionary of Occupational Titles (DOTs). Using micro data from the United States from 1880 to 2000, we find an increase in the employment share of interactive occupations within sectors over time that is larger in metro areas than nonmetro areas. We interpret these findings using a model in which reductions in transport and communic...
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作者：Harstad, Bard; Lancia, Francesco; Russo, Alessia
作者单位：University of Oslo; University of Salerno; BI Norwegian Business School
摘要：This paper analyzes a game in which countries repeatedly make emission and technology investment decisions. We derive the best equilibrium, that is, the Pareto-optimal subgame-perfect equilibrium, when countries are insufficiently patient for folk theorems to be relevant. Relative to the first best, the best equilibrium requires countries to overinvest in technologies that are green, that is, strategic substitutes for polluting, but to underinvest in adaptation and brown technologies, that is,...
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作者：Asturias, Jose; Garcia-Santana, Manuel; Ramos, Roberto
作者单位：Qatar Foundation (QF); Georgetown University in Qatar; Pompeu Fabra University; Barcelona School of Economics; Banco de Espana
摘要：A significant amount of resources is spent every year on the improvement of transportation infrastructure in developing countries. In this paper, we investigate the effects of one such large project, the Golden Quadrilateral in India. We do so using a model of internal trade with variable markups. In contrast to the previous literature, our model incorporates several channels through which transportation infrastructure affects welfare. In particular, the model accounts for gains stemming from ...
